# HG changeset patch # User Oleksandr Gavenko # Date 1481235121 -7200 # Node ID dd8b8f80516309bbcefbfe8995f6ef0723e3fbb7 # Parent 2f5f6a64bd18f8decdbe1ea510ef5aab5c009380 Verb patterns. diff -r 2f5f6a64bd18 -r dd8b8f805163 www/en-verb.rst --- a/www/en-verb.rst Thu Dec 08 14:08:22 2016 +0200 +++ b/www/en-verb.rst Fri Dec 09 00:12:01 2016 +0200 @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ ================== ================= ======================= Present Simple Tense -==================== +-------------------- ``SUB`` - plural or 1st/2nd person subject, ``SUB3`` - singular 3rd person subject, ``V1`` - infinitive form of verb. @@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ || :cg:`Does` SUB3 :cr:`V1` | | +----------------------------+------+ -Present Simple Tense for be -============================ +Present Simple Tense for be +--------------------------- .. table:: Statement sentence @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ +------------+--------+-------+ Present Simple Tense for have -============================= +----------------------------- .. table:: Statement sentence @@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ +-------------+-------+-------+ Past simple tense -================= +----------------- ``SUB`` - subject, ``V2`` - past form of verb. @@ -240,3 +240,189 @@ Get this! Bring him immediately! Do that right now! + +Verb patterns +============= + +Verb patterns are the practice of using verbs in sentence. + +Intransitive verb +----------------- + +``SUB + V`` + +Examples:: + + John smiles. + The baby was sleeping. + +Transitive verb +--------------- + +``SUN + V + OBJ`` + +Examples:: + + He drives car. + John has killed old dog. + +Link verb +--------- + +``SUB + V + ADJ`` used with verbs like:: + + be, look, feel + +Examples:: + + She looked happy. + The package is heavy. + I feel tired. + +Phrasal verb +------------ + +``SUB + V + PREP + OBJ`` or ``SUB + V + OBJ + PREP``. + +Examples:: + + He puts on shirt. + He puts shirt on. + She gave the money back. + She gave back the money. + +Verb + infinitive +----------------- + +``SUB + AUX + V1`` is used with auxiliary verbs:: + + do, can/could, may/might, must, shall/should, will/would + +Verb + gerund +------------- + +``SUB + V + V-ing`` is used with these verbs:: + + admit, adore, avoid, can't stand, consider, deny, detest, discuss, dislike, + enjoy, fancy, finish, give up, hate, involve, go on, keep, like, love, mind, + miss, prefer, practice, postpone, quit, suggest, imagine, recommend, risk, + stop, talk about, think about + +These verbs express likes and dislikes. + +All other verbs must be used in ``SUB + V + to + V1`` pattern. Usually +likes/dislikes verbs can be used within ``to + V1`` pattern but meaning could be +slightly different. + +http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/verbs-followed-ing-clauses + +Verb + to + infinitive +---------------------- + +``SUB + V + to + V1`` is used after these verbs:: + + afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, begin, continue, decide, demand, choose, + expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hope, intent, learn, like, love, manage, + mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem, + start, try, want, would like, would love intend plan want + +Example:: + + I want to work for you. + +http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/verbs-followed-infinitive + +Ambiguous verbs for infinitive/gerund pattern +--------------------------------------------- + +These verbs can be used both with ``SUB + V + V-ing`` and ``SUB + V + to + V1`` +pattern:: + + begin, continue, finish, end, hate, like, love, intend, regret, start, + can’t stand + +can be used in infinitive and in gerund patterns. + +Examples:: + + It started raining. + It started to rain. + I continued to work in the library. + I continued working in the library. + +Verb + object + infinitive +-------------------------- + +``SUB + V + OBJ + V1`` is used for these verbs:: + + let, make + +and some verbs of perception:: + + see, watch, hear, notice, feel, sense + +Examples:: + + Daddy let me keep the dog. + She made me say sorry. + I watched her walk away. + +Verb + object + to + infinitive +------------------------------- + +``SUB + V + OBJ + to + V1`` is used with verbs (list is not complete):: + + want, ask, advice, invite, order, tell, teach, advise, allow, beg, cause, + command, encourage, expect, force, need, order, recommend, remind, tell, see, + help + +Examples:: + + I want you to go with me. + He invited me to have a dinner. + I told you not to eat cake! + She told him to go home. + They advised us to wait. + I see dog barking at you. + +Verb + object + gerund +---------------------- + +``V + OBJ + V-ing`` is used with verbs:: + + excuse, forget, forgive + +Examples:: + + Excuse me interrupting you. + Forgive him insulting you. + +Ambiguous verb + object + gerund/infinitive +------------------------------------------- + +When they are used with -ing, these verbs emphasise the action or event in +progress. When they are used with an infinitive without to, they emphasise the +action or event seen as a whole, or as completed + +XXX + +feel +notice +see +hear +overhear +watch + +Verb + preposition + gerund +--------------------------- + +``SUB + V + PREP + V-ing`` is used after this verbs:: + + be good at, specialise, think + +Examples:: + + Mary is good at singing. + He specialises in helping children. + Tom is thinking about cooking dinner. +