author | Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com> |
Thu, 08 Dec 2016 13:31:18 +0200 | |
changeset 706 | f5de92f37c3e |
parent 339 | 4d8d46bbe30d |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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================================== |
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Речевые образцы/Phrase examples. |
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================================== |
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.. contents:: |
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:local: |
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.. role:: cr |
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:class: cr |
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.. role:: cg |
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:class: cg |
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Пояснения |
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========= |
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Разговорный словарь - Phrase book. Речевые образцы - Phrase examples. |
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Present Simple Tense |
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==================== |
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``SUB`` - plural or 1st/2nd person subject, ``SUB3`` - singular 3rd person |
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subject, ``V1`` - infinitive form of verb. |
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Check `creating V1 + -s/-es form <en-affixes.html>`_ link for more information. |
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.. table:: Statement sentence |
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+-------------------------+-----+ |
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|| SUB :cr:`V1` | OBJ | |
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|| SUB3 :cr:`V1 + -s/-es` | | |
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+-------------------------+-----+ |
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.. table:: Negation sentence |
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+--------------------------------+-----+ |
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|| SUB :cg:`do not` :cr:`V1` | OBJ | |
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|| SUB :cg:`don't` :cr:`V1` | | |
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|| SUB3 :cg:`does not` :cr:`V1` | | |
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|| SUB3 :cg:`doesn't` :cr:`V1` | | |
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+--------------------------------+-----+ |
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.. table:: Question sentence |
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+----------------------------+------+ |
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|| :cg:`Do` SUB :cr:`V1` | OBJ? | |
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|| :cg:`Does` SUB3 :cr:`V1` | | |
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+----------------------------+------+ |
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Present Simple Tense for be |
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============================ |
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.. table:: Statement sentence |
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+-----------------+-----+ |
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|| I :cg:`am` | OBJ | |
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|| :cg:`I'm` | | |
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+-----------------+ | |
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|| You :cg:`are` | | |
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|| :cg:`You're` | | |
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|| We :cg:`are` | | |
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|| :cg:`We're` | | |
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|| They :cg:`are` | | |
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|| :cg:`They're` | | |
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+-----------------+ | |
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|| He :cg:`is` | | |
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|| :cg:`He's` | | |
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|| She :cg:`is` | | |
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|| :cg:`She's` | | |
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|| It :cg:`is` | | |
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|| :cg:`It's` | | |
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+-----------------+-----+ |
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.. table:: Negation sentence |
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+---------------------+-----+ |
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|| I :cg:`am not` | OBJ | |
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|| :cg:`I'm not` | | |
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+---------------------+ | |
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|| You :cg:`are not` | | |
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|| You :cg:`aren't` | | |
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|| :cg:`You're not` | | |
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|| We :cg:`are not` | | |
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|| We :cg:`aren't` | | |
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|| :cg:`We're not` | | |
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|| They :cg:`are not` | | |
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|| They :cg:`aren't` | | |
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|| :cg:`They're not` | | |
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+---------------------+ | |
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|| He :cg:`is not` | | |
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|| He :cg:`isn't` | | |
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|| :cg:`He's not` | | |
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|| She :cg:`is not` | | |
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|| She :cg:`isn't` | | |
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|| :cg:`She's not` | | |
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|| It :cg:`is not` | | |
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|| It :cg:`isn't` | | |
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|| :cg:`It's not` | | |
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+---------------------+-----+ |
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.. table:: Question sentence. |
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+------------+--------+-------+ |
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|| :cg:`Am` || I || OBJ? | |
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+------------+--------+ | |
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|| :cg:`Are` || we | | |
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| || you | | |
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| || they | | |
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+------------+--------+ | |
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|| :cg:`Is` || he | | |
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| || she | | |
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| || it | | |
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+------------+--------+-------+ |
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parents:
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Present Simple Tense for have |
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parents:
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============================= |
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.. table:: Statement sentence |
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+------------------+------+ |
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|| I :cg:`have` || OBJ | |
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|| :cg:`I've` || OBJ | |
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|| You :cg:`have` | | |
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|| :cg:`You've` | | |
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|| We :cg:`have` | | |
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|| :cg:`We've` | | |
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|| They :cg:`have` | | |
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|| :cg:`They've` | | |
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+------------------+------+ |
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|| He :cg:`has` | | |
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|| :cg:`He's` | | |
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|| She :cg:`has` | | |
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|| :cg:`She's` | | |
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|| It :cg:`has` | | |
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|| :cg:`It's` | | |
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+------------------+------+ |
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.. table:: Negation sentence |
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+---------------------+------+ |
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|| I :cg:`have no` || OBJ | |
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|| :cg:`I've no` | | |
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|| You :cg:`have no` | | |
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|| :cg:`You've no` | | |
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|| We :cg:`have no` | | |
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|| :cg:`We've no` | | |
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|| They :cg:`have no` | | |
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|| :cg:`They've no` | | |
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+---------------------+------+ |
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|| He :cg:`has no` | | |
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|| :cg:`He's no` | | |
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|| She :cg:`has no` | | |
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|| :cg:`She's no` | | |
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|| It :cg:`has no` | | |
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|| :cg:`It's no` | | |
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+---------------------+------+ |
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.. table:: Question sentence |
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+-------------+-------+-------+ |
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|| :cg:`Have` || I || OBJ? | |
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|| || you | | |
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|| || we | | |
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|| || they | | |
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+-------------+-------+ | |
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|| :cg:`Has` || he | | |
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|| || she | | |
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|| || it | | |
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+-------------+-------+-------+ |
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parents:
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Past simple tense |
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parents:
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================= |
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``SUB`` - subject, ``V2`` - past form of verb. |
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.. table:: Statement sentence |
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+-------------------+ |
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|| SUB :cr:`V2` OBJ | |
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+-------------------+ |
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.. table:: Negation sentence |
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+------+----------------+--------------+ |
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|| SUB || :cg:`did not` | :cr:`V1` OBJ | |
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|| || :cg:`did't` | | |
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+------+----------------+--------------+ |
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.. table:: Question sentence |
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+-------------------------+------+ |
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|| :cg:`Did` SUB :cr:`V1` | OBJ? | |
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+-------------------------+------+ |
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Imperative mood |
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=============== |
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parents:
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``V1`` - infinitive form of verb, ``OBJ`` - object, ``ADV`` - adverb. |
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parents:
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.. table:: imperative mood |
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+-------------------+ |
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|| :cr:`V1` OBJ | |
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|| :cr:`V1` OBJ ADV | |
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+-------------------+ |
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.. line-block:: |
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Get this! |
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Bring him immediately! |
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Do that right now! |
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TODO |
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==== |
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Negative question sentence. |
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An S (sentence) consists of an NP (noun phrase) followed by a VP (verb phrase). |
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The second rule reads: A noun phrase consists of a Det (determiner) followed by |
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an N (noun). Some further categories are listed here: AP (adjective phrase), |
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AdvP (adverb phrase), PP (prepositional phrase), etc. Specific notations for |
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writing phrase structure rules can be identified in the third rule. The round |
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brackets around AP and PP indicate that these constituents are optional. A |
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single noun can still stand as a noun phrase. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(linguistics) |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_phrase |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_phrase |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjective_phrase |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverb_phrase |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositional_phrase |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_grammar |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bar_theory |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_rules |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimalist_program |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_grammar |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_clause_syntax |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uses_of_English_verb_forms |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasal_verb |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb |