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2 ================================== |
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3 Речевые образцы/Phrase examples. |
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4 ================================== |
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5 .. contents:: |
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6 :local: |
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7 |
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8 .. role:: cr |
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9 :class: cr |
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10 .. role:: cg |
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11 :class: cg |
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12 |
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13 Пояснения |
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14 ========= |
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15 |
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16 Разговорный словарь - Phrase book. Речевые образцы - Phrase examples. |
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17 |
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18 Present Simple Tense |
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19 ==================== |
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20 |
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21 ``SUB-S`` - single subject, ``SUB-P`` - plural subject, ``V1`` - infinitive form of |
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22 verb. |
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23 |
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24 For verbs that ends on: ``s``, ``ss``, ``sh``, ``ch``, ``x`` used ``-es`` |
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25 suffix, otherwise ``-s``. TODO |
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26 |
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27 .. table:: Statement sentence |
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28 |
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29 +--------------------------+-----+ |
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30 || SUB-S :cr:`V1` | OBJ | |
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31 || SUB-P :cr:`V1 + -s/-es` | | |
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32 +--------------------------+-----+ |
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33 |
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34 .. table:: Negation sentence |
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35 |
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36 +--------------------------------+-----+ |
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37 || SUB-S :cg:`do not` :cr:`V1` | OBJ | |
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38 || SUB-S :cg:`don't` :cr:`V1` | | |
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39 || SUB-P :cg:`does not` :cr:`V1` | | |
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40 || SUB-P :cg:`doesn't` :cr:`V1` | | |
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41 +--------------------------------+-----+ |
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42 |
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43 .. table:: Question sentence |
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44 |
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45 +----------------------------+------+ |
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46 || :cg:`Do` SUB-S :cr:`V1` | OBJ? | |
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47 || :cg:`Does` SUB-P :cr:`V1` | | |
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48 +----------------------------+------+ |
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49 |
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50 Present Simple Tense for be |
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51 ============================ |
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52 |
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53 .. table:: Statement sentence |
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54 |
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55 +-----------------+-----+ |
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56 || I :cg:`am` | OBJ | |
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57 || :cg:`I'm` | | |
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58 +-----------------+ | |
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59 || You :cg:`are` | | |
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60 || :cg:`You're` | | |
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61 || We :cg:`are` | | |
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62 || :cg:`We're` | | |
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63 || They :cg:`are` | | |
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64 || :cg:`They're` | | |
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65 +-----------------+ | |
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66 || He :cg:`is` | | |
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67 || :cg:`He's` | | |
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68 || She :cg:`is` | | |
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69 || :cg:`She's` | | |
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70 || It :cg:`is` | | |
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71 || :cg:`It's` | | |
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72 +-----------------+-----+ |
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73 |
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74 .. table:: Negation sentence |
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75 |
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76 +---------------------+-----+ |
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77 || I :cg:`am not` | OBJ | |
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78 || :cg:`I'm not` | | |
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79 +---------------------+ | |
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80 || You :cg:`are not` | | |
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81 || You :cg:`aren't` | | |
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82 || :cg:`You're not` | | |
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83 || We :cg:`are not` | | |
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84 || We :cg:`aren't` | | |
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85 || :cg:`We're not` | | |
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86 || They :cg:`are not` | | |
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87 || They :cg:`aren't` | | |
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88 || :cg:`They're not` | | |
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89 +---------------------+ | |
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90 || He :cg:`is not` | | |
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91 || He :cg:`isn't` | | |
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92 || :cg:`He's not` | | |
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93 || She :cg:`is not` | | |
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94 || She :cg:`isn't` | | |
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95 || :cg:`She's not` | | |
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96 || It :cg:`is not` | | |
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97 || It :cg:`isn't` | | |
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98 || :cg:`It's not` | | |
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99 +---------------------+-----+ |
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100 |
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101 .. table:: Question sentence. |
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102 |
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103 +------------+--------+-------+ |
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104 || :cg:`Am` || I || OBJ? | |
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105 +------------+--------+ | |
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106 || :cg:`Are` || we | | |
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107 | || you | | |
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108 | || they | | |
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109 +------------+--------+ | |
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110 || :cg:`Is` || he | | |
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111 | || she | | |
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112 | || it | | |
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113 +------------+--------+-------+ |
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114 |
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115 Present Simple Tense for have |
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116 ============================= |
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117 |
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118 .. table:: Statement sentence |
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119 |
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120 +------------------+------+ |
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121 || I :cg:`have` || OBJ | |
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122 || :cg:`I've` || OBJ | |
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123 || You :cg:`have` | | |
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124 || :cg:`You've` | | |
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125 || We :cg:`have` | | |
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126 || :cg:`We've` | | |
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127 || They :cg:`have` | | |
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128 || :cg:`They've` | | |
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129 +------------------+------+ |
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130 || He :cg:`has` | | |
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131 || :cg:`He's` | | |
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132 || She :cg:`has` | | |
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133 || :cg:`She's` | | |
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134 || It :cg:`has` | | |
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135 || :cg:`It's` | | |
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136 +------------------+------+ |
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137 |
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138 .. table:: Negation sentence |
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139 |
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140 +---------------------+------+ |
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141 || I :cg:`have no` || OBJ | |
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142 || :cg:`I've no` | | |
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143 || You :cg:`have no` | | |
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144 || :cg:`You've no` | | |
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145 || We :cg:`have no` | | |
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146 || :cg:`We've no` | | |
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147 || They :cg:`have no` | | |
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148 || :cg:`They've no` | | |
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149 +---------------------+------+ |
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150 || He :cg:`has no` | | |
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151 || :cg:`He's no` | | |
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152 || She :cg:`has no` | | |
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153 || :cg:`She's no` | | |
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154 || It :cg:`has no` | | |
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155 || :cg:`It's no` | | |
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156 +---------------------+------+ |
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157 |
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158 .. table:: Question sentence |
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159 |
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160 +-------------+-------+-------+ |
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161 || :cg:`Have` || I || OBJ? | |
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162 || || you | | |
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163 || || we | | |
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164 || || they | | |
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165 +-------------+-------+ | |
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166 || :cg:`Has` || he | | |
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167 || || she | | |
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168 || || it | | |
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169 +-------------+-------+-------+ |
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170 |
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171 Past simple tense |
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172 ================= |
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173 |
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174 ``SUB`` - subject, ``V2`` - past form of verb. |
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175 |
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176 .. table:: Statement sentence |
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177 |
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178 +-------------------+ |
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179 || SUB :cr:`V2` OBJ | |
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180 +-------------------+ |
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181 |
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182 .. table:: Negation sentence |
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183 |
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184 +------+----------------+--------------+ |
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185 || SUB || :cg:`did not` | :cr:`V1` OBJ | |
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186 || || :cg:`did't` | | |
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187 +------+----------------+--------------+ |
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188 |
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189 .. table:: Question sentence |
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190 |
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191 +-------------------------+------+ |
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192 || :cg:`Did` SUB :cr:`V1` | OBJ? | |
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193 +-------------------------+------+ |
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194 |
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195 Imperative mood |
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196 =============== |
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197 |
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198 ``V1`` - infinitive form of verb, ``OBJ`` - object, ``ADV`` - adverb. |
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199 |
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200 .. table:: imperative mood |
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201 |
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202 +-------------------+ |
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203 || :cr:`V1` OBJ | |
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204 || :cr:`V1` OBJ ADV | |
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205 +-------------------+ |
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206 |
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207 .. line-block:: |
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208 |
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209 Get this! |
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210 Bring him immediately! |
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211 Do that right now! |
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212 |
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213 TODO |
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214 ==== |
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215 |
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216 Negative question sentence. |
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217 |
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218 An S (sentence) consists of an NP (noun phrase) followed by a VP (verb phrase). |
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219 The second rule reads: A noun phrase consists of a Det (determiner) followed by |
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220 an N (noun). Some further categories are listed here: AP (adjective phrase), |
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221 AdvP (adverb phrase), PP (prepositional phrase), etc. Specific notations for |
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222 writing phrase structure rules can be identified in the third rule. The round |
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223 brackets around AP and PP indicate that these constituents are optional. A |
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224 single noun can still stand as a noun phrase. |
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225 |
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226 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(linguistics) |
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227 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_phrase |
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228 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_phrase |
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229 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjective_phrase |
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230 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverb_phrase |
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231 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositional_phrase |
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232 |
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233 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_grammar |
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234 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bar_theory |
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235 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_rules |
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236 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimalist_program |
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237 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_grammar |
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238 |
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239 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_clause_syntax |
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240 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uses_of_English_verb_forms |
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241 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasal_verb |
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242 |
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243 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb |
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