243 

   244 Verb patterns

   245 =============

   246 

   247 Verb patterns are the practice of using verbs in sentence.

   248 

   249 Intransitive verb

   250 -----------------

   251 

   252 ``SUB + V``

   253 

   254 Examples::

   255 

   256   John smiles.

   257   The baby was sleeping.

   258 

   259 Transitive verb

   260 ---------------

   261 

   262 ``SUN + V + OBJ``

   263 

   264 Examples::

   265 

   266   He drives car.

   267   John has killed old dog.

   268 

   269 Link verb

   270 ---------

   271 

   272 ``SUB + V + ADJ`` used with verbs like::

   273 

   274   be, look, feel

   275 

   276 Examples::

   277 

   278   She looked happy.

   279   The package is heavy.

   280   I feel tired.

   281 

   282 Phrasal verb

   283 ------------

   284 

   285 ``SUB + V + PREP + OBJ`` or ``SUB + V + OBJ + PREP``.

   286 

   287 Examples::

   288 

   289   He puts on shirt.

   290   He puts shirt on.

   291   She gave the money back.

   292   She gave back the money.

   293 

   294 Verb + infinitive

   295 -----------------

   296 

   297 ``SUB + AUX + V1`` is used with auxiliary verbs::

   298 

   299   do, can/could, may/might, must, shall/should, will/would

   300 

   301 Verb + gerund

   302 -------------

   303 

   304 ``SUB + V + V-ing`` is used with these verbs::

   305 

   306   admit, adore, avoid, can't stand, consider, deny, detest, discuss, dislike,

   307   enjoy, fancy, finish, give up, hate, involve, go on, keep, like, love, mind,

   308   miss, prefer, practice, postpone, quit, suggest, imagine, recommend, risk,

   309   stop, talk about, think about

   310 

   311 These verbs express likes and dislikes.

   312 

   313 All other verbs must be used in ``SUB + V + to + V1`` pattern. Usually

   314 likes/dislikes verbs can be used within ``to + V1`` pattern but meaning could be

   315 slightly different.

   316 

   317 http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/verbs-followed-ing-clauses

   318 

   319 Verb + to + infinitive

   320 ----------------------

   321 

   322 ``SUB + V + to + V1`` is used after these verbs::

   323 

   324   afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, begin, continue, decide, demand, choose,

   325   expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hope, intent, learn, like, love, manage,

   326   mean, need, offer, plan, prefer, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem,

   327   start, try, want, would like, would love intend plan want

   328 

   329 Example::

   330 

   331   I want to work for you.

   332 

   333 http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/verbs-followed-infinitive

   334 

   335 Ambiguous verbs for infinitive/gerund pattern

   336 ---------------------------------------------

   337 

   338 These verbs can be used both with ``SUB + V + V-ing`` and ``SUB + V + to + V1``

   339 pattern::

   340 

   341   begin, continue, finish, end, hate, like, love, intend, regret, start,

   342   can’t stand

   343 

   344 can be used in infinitive and in gerund patterns.

   345 

   346 Examples::

   347 

   348   It started raining.

   349   It started to rain.

   350   I continued to work in the library.

   351   I continued working in the library.

   352 

   353 Verb + object + infinitive

   354 --------------------------

   355 

   356 ``SUB + V + OBJ + V1`` is used for these verbs::

   357 

   358   let, make

   359 

   360 and some verbs of perception::

   361 

   362   see, watch, hear, notice, feel, sense

   363 

   364 Examples::

   365 

   366   Daddy let me keep the dog.

   367   She made me say sorry.

   368   I watched her walk away.

   369 

   370 Verb + object + to + infinitive

   371 -------------------------------

   372 

   373 ``SUB + V + OBJ + to + V1`` is used with verbs (list is not complete)::

   374 

   375   want, ask, advice, invite, order, tell, teach, advise, allow, beg, cause,

   376   command, encourage, expect, force, need, order, recommend, remind, tell, see,

   377   help

   378 

   379 Examples::

   380 

   381   I want you to go with me.

   382   He invited me to have a dinner.

   383   I told you not to eat cake!

   384   She told him to go home.

   385   They advised us to wait.

   386   I see dog barking at you.

   387 

   388 Verb + object + gerund

   389 ----------------------

   390 

   391 ``V + OBJ + V-ing`` is used with verbs::

   392 

   393   excuse, forget, forgive

   394 

   395 Examples::

   396 

   397   Excuse me interrupting you.

   398   Forgive him insulting you.

   399 

   400 Ambiguous verb + object + gerund/infinitive

   401 -------------------------------------------

   402 

   403 When they are used with -ing, these verbs emphasise the action or event in

   404 progress. When they are used with an infinitive without to, they emphasise the

   405 action or event seen as a whole, or as completed

   406 

   407 XXX

   408 

   409 feel

   410 notice

   411 see

   412 hear

   413 overhear

   414 watch

   415 

   416 Verb + preposition + gerund

   417 ---------------------------

   418 

   419 ``SUB + V + PREP + V-ing`` is used after this verbs::

   420 

   421   be good at, specialise, think

   422 

   423 Examples::

   424 

   425   Mary is good at singing.

   426   He specialises in helping children.

   427   Tom is thinking about cooking dinner.

   428