71 press/impress [pres/ɪmˈpres] |
71 press/impress [pres/ɪmˈpres] |
72 |
72 |
73 Неударный слог (unstressed syllable). |
73 Неударный слог (unstressed syllable). |
74 ------------------------------------- |
74 ------------------------------------- |
75 |
75 |
76 * Буква "e" в конце слова не читается. |
76 Чтение согласных. |
77 life [laɪf], table [teɪbl], dandle [dændl] |
77 ================= |
78 |
78 |
79 * "a" в открытом ударном слоге - [eɪ]. |
79 Чтение гласных. |
80 na-me [neɪm], la-ter [ˈlaɪtə] |
80 =============== |
81 !!! have [hæv], many [ˈmenɪ], family [ˈfæemɪlɪ] |
81 |
82 * "a" перед "nge" - [eɪ]. |
82 Буква "e" в конце слова не читается:: |
|
83 |
|
84 life [laɪf], table [teɪbl], dandle [dændl] |
|
85 |
|
86 "a" в открытом ударном слоге - [eɪ]:: |
|
87 |
|
88 na-me [neɪm], la-ter [ˈlaɪtə] |
|
89 !!! have [hæv], many [ˈmenɪ], family [ˈfæemɪlɪ] |
|
90 |
|
91 "a" перед "nge" - [eɪ]:: |
|
92 |
83 range [reɪndʒ], danger [deɪndʒə] |
93 range [reɪndʒ], danger [deɪndʒə] |
84 * "ai" в ударном положении - [eɪ]. |
94 |
|
95 "ai" в ударном положении - [eɪ]:: |
|
96 |
85 main [meɪn], traine [treɪn], raise [reɪz] |
97 main [meɪn], traine [treɪn], raise [reɪz] |
86 !!! said [sed] |
98 !!! said [sed] |
87 * "ay" в ударном положении - [eɪ]. |
99 |
|
100 "ay" в ударном положении - [eɪ]:: |
|
101 |
88 may [meɪ], pay [peɪ], stay [meɪ] |
102 may [meɪ], pay [peɪ], stay [meɪ] |
89 * "a" в закрытом ударном слоге - [æ]. |
103 |
|
104 "a" в закрытом ударном слоге - [æ]:: |
|
105 |
90 cat [cæt], lat-ter [ˈlætə], fan-cy [ˈfænsɪ] |
106 cat [cæt], lat-ter [ˈlætə], fan-cy [ˈfænsɪ] |
91 * "ar" - [ɑː]. |
107 |
|
108 "ar" - [ɑː]:: |
|
109 |
92 car [cɑː], arm [ɑːm], park [pɑːk] |
110 car [cɑː], arm [ɑːm], park [pɑːk] |
93 * "a" в сочетании "ass" - [ɑː]. |
111 |
|
112 "a" в сочетании "ass" - [ɑː]:: |
|
113 |
94 glass [ɡlɑːs], pass [pɑːs], class [klɑːs] |
114 glass [ɡlɑːs], pass [pɑːs], class [klɑːs] |
95 !!! mass [mæs] |
115 !!! mass [mæs] |
96 * "a" в сочетании "ast" - [ɑː]. |
116 |
|
117 "a" в сочетании "ast" - [ɑː]:: |
|
118 |
97 fast [fɑːst], mast [mɑːst], cast [cɑːst] |
119 fast [fɑːst], mast [mɑːst], cast [cɑːst] |
98 !!! tasty [ˈteɪstɪ] |
120 !!! tasty [ˈteɪstɪ] |
99 * "a" в сочетании "ant" - [ɑː]. |
121 |
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122 "a" в сочетании "ant" - [ɑː]:: |
|
123 |
100 grant [ɡrɑːnt], plant [plɑːnt], slant [slɑːnt] |
124 grant [ɡrɑːnt], plant [plɑːnt], slant [slɑːnt] |
101 * "a" в сочетании "anch" - [ɑː]. |
125 |
|
126 "a" в сочетании "anch" - [ɑː]:: |
|
127 |
102 branch [brɑːnʧ] |
128 branch [brɑːnʧ] |
103 * "a" в сочетании "alf" - [ɑː]. |
129 |
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130 "a" в сочетании "alf" - [ɑː]:: |
|
131 |
104 half [hɑːlf], calf [kɑːlf] |
132 half [hɑːlf], calf [kɑːlf] |
105 * "a" в сочетании "ask" - [ɑː]. |
133 |
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134 "a" в сочетании "ask" - [ɑː]:: |
|
135 |
106 ask [ɑːsk], task [tɑːsk], mask [mɑːsk] |
136 ask [ɑːsk], task [tɑːsk], mask [mɑːsk] |
107 * "a" в сочетании "ath" - [ɑː]. |
137 |
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138 "a" в сочетании "ath" - [ɑː]:: |
|
139 |
108 father [ˈfɑːθə], bath [bɑːθ] |
140 father [ˈfɑːθə], bath [bɑːθ] |
109 !!! gather [ˈɡæðə] |
141 !!! gather [ˈɡæðə] |
110 * "a" в сочетании "ance" - [ɑː]. |
142 |
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143 "a" в сочетании "ance" - [ɑː]:: |
|
144 |
111 chance [ʧɑːns], advance [ədˈvɑːns] |
145 chance [ʧɑːns], advance [ədˈvɑːns] |
112 * "a" в сочетании "aft" - [ɑː]. |
146 |
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147 "a" в сочетании "aft" - [ɑː]:: |
|
148 |
113 shaft [ʃɑːft], after [ˈɑːftə], craft [krɑːft], draft [drɑːft] |
149 shaft [ʃɑːft], after [ˈɑːftə], craft [krɑːft], draft [drɑːft] |
114 * "air" - [ɛə]. |
150 |
|
151 "air" - [ɛə]:: |
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152 |
115 stair [stɛə], hair [hɛə], affair [əˈfɛə] |
153 stair [stɛə], hair [hɛə], affair [əˈfɛə] |
116 * "are" - [ɛə]. |
154 |
|
155 "are" - [ɛə]:: |
|
156 |
117 care [kɛə], fare [fɛə], scare [skɛə] |
157 care [kɛə], fare [fɛə], scare [skɛə] |
118 * "a" перед "ll" или "l"+согласная - [ɔː]. |
158 |
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159 "a" перед "ll" или "l"+согласная - [ɔː]:: |
|
160 |
119 ball [bɔːl], chalk [ʧɔːk], install [ɪnˈstɔːl], almost [ɔːlməust] |
161 ball [bɔːl], chalk [ʧɔːk], install [ɪnˈstɔːl], almost [ɔːlməust] |
120 * "au" - [ɔː]. |
162 |
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163 "au" - [ɔː]:: |
|
164 |
121 launch [lɔːnʧ] |
165 launch [lɔːnʧ] |
122 !!! aunt [ɑːnt] |
166 !!! aunt [ɑːnt] |
123 * "aw" - [ɔː]. |
167 |
|
168 "aw" - [ɔː]:: |
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169 |
124 saw [sɔː], |
170 saw [sɔː], |
125 * "aught" - [ɔːt]. |
171 |
|
172 "aught" - [ɔːt]:: |
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173 |
126 naught [nɔːt] |
174 naught [nɔːt] |
127 * "auth" - [ɔːθ]. |
175 |
|
176 "auth" - [ɔːθ]:: |
|
177 |
128 author [ˈɔːθə] |
178 author [ˈɔːθə] |
129 * "ar" после "w" или "qu" - [ɔː]. |
179 |
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180 "ar" после "w" или "qu" - [ɔː]:: |
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181 |
130 war [wɔː], warm [wɔːm], quartz [kwɔːts] |
182 war [wɔː], warm [wɔːm], quartz [kwɔːts] |
131 * "a" в закрытом слоге после "w" или "wh" - [ɔ]. |
183 |
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184 "a" в закрытом слоге после "w" или "wh" - [ɔ]:: |
|
185 |
132 want [wɔt], wash [waʃ], what [wɔt] |
186 want [wɔt], wash [waʃ], what [wɔt] |
133 * "a" в неударном положении - [ə]. |
187 |
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188 "a" в неударном положении - [ə]:: |
|
189 |
134 data [ˈdeɪtə], agenda [əˈdʒendə] |
190 data [ˈdeɪtə], agenda [əˈdʒendə] |
135 * "ai", "ay" в неударном положении - [ɪ]. |
191 |
|
192 "ai", "ay" в неударном положении - [ɪ]:: |
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193 |
136 captain [ˈkæptɪn], Monday [ˈmʌndɪ] |
194 captain [ˈkæptɪn], Monday [ˈmʌndɪ] |
137 * "age" в неударном положении - [ɪdʒ]. |
195 |
|
196 "age" в неударном положении - [ɪdʒ]:: |
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197 |
138 marriage [ˈmærɪdʒ], sausage ['sɔsɪdʒ] |
198 marriage [ˈmærɪdʒ], sausage ['sɔsɪdʒ] |
139 |
199 |
140 * "e" в открытом ударном слоге - [iː]. |
200 |
|
201 "e" в открытом ударном слоге - [iː]:: |
|
202 |
141 he [hiː], le-gal [ˈliːɡəl] |
203 he [hiː], le-gal [ˈliːɡəl] |
142 * "ea" - [iː]. |
204 |
|
205 "ea" - [iː]:: |
|
206 |
143 mean [miːn], seat [siːt], speak [spiːk] |
207 mean [miːn], seat [siːt], speak [spiːk] |
144 !!! great [ɡreɪt], bread [bred], head [hed] |
208 !!! great [ɡreɪt], bread [bred], head [hed] |
145 * "ee" - [iː]. |
209 |
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210 "ee" - [iː]:: |
|
211 |
146 keen [kiːn], feel [fiːl], see [siː] |
212 keen [kiːn], feel [fiːl], see [siː] |
147 * "e" в закрытом ударном слоге - [e]. |
213 |
|
214 "e" в закрытом ударном слоге - [e]:: |
|
215 |
148 bed [bed], letter [ˈletə], nest [nest] |
216 bed [bed], letter [ˈletə], nest [nest] |
149 * "ea" перед "d", "n", "th", "sure" - [e]. |
217 |
|
218 "ea" перед "d", "n", "th", "sure" - [e]:: |
|
219 |
150 bread [bred], ready [ˈredɪ], weather [ˈweθə], pleasure [ˈpleʒə], measure [ˈmeʒə], meant [ment] |
220 bread [bred], ready [ˈredɪ], weather [ˈweθə], pleasure [ˈpleʒə], measure [ˈmeʒə], meant [ment] |
151 * "er" в ударном слоге - [əː]. |
221 |
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222 "er" в ударном слоге - [əː]:: |
|
223 |
152 her [həː], term [təːm], serve [səːv], permanent [ˈpəːmənənt] |
224 her [həː], term [təːm], serve [səːv], permanent [ˈpəːmənənt] |
153 * "ear" + согласная - [əː]. |
225 |
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226 "ear" + согласная - [əː]:: |
|
227 |
154 heard [həːd], learn [ləːn], earth [əːθ] |
228 heard [həːd], learn [ləːn], earth [əːθ] |
155 * "ear" - [ɪə]. |
229 |
|
230 "ear" - [ɪə]:: |
|
231 |
156 near [nɪə], fear [fɪə], clear [klɪə] |
232 near [nɪə], fear [fɪə], clear [klɪə] |
157 * "eer" - [ɪə]. |
233 |
|
234 "eer" - [ɪə]:: |
|
235 |
158 engineer [ˌendʒɪˈnɪə], cheer [ʧɪə] |
236 engineer [ˌendʒɪˈnɪə], cheer [ʧɪə] |
159 * "ere" - [ɪə]. |
237 |
|
238 "ere" - [ɪə]:: |
|
239 |
160 mere [mɪə], here [hɪə], sphere [sfɪə] |
240 mere [mɪə], here [hɪə], sphere [sfɪə] |
161 !!! there [θɛə], where [wɛə], were [wəː] |
241 !!! there [θɛə], where [wɛə], were [wəː] |
162 * "e" в закрытом неударном слоге - [ə]. |
242 |
|
243 "e" в закрытом неударном слоге - [ə]:: |
|
244 |
163 sentence - [ˈsentəns] |
245 sentence - [ˈsentəns] |
164 * "er" в неударном положении - [ə]. |
246 |
|
247 "er" в неударном положении - [ə]:: |
|
248 |
165 member [ˈmembə], answer [ˈɑːnsə], maker [ˈmeɪkə], perhaps [pəˈhæps] |
249 member [ˈmembə], answer [ˈɑːnsə], maker [ˈmeɪkə], perhaps [pəˈhæps] |
166 * "e" в открытом неударном слоге - [ɪ]. |
250 |
|
251 "e" в открытом неударном слоге - [ɪ]:: |
|
252 |
167 event [ɪˈvent], effect [ɪˈfect], elect [iˈlekt] |
253 event [ɪˈvent], effect [ɪˈfect], elect [iˈlekt] |
168 * "er" в открытом неударном слоге - [ɪ]. |
254 |
|
255 "er" в открытом неударном слоге - [ɪ]:: |
|
256 |
169 regret [rɪˈɡret], repair [rɪˈpɛə], remain [rɪˈmeɪn] |
257 regret [rɪˈɡret], repair [rɪˈpɛə], remain [rɪˈmeɪn] |
170 * "et" в конце слова - [ɪt]. |
258 |
|
259 "et" в конце слова - [ɪt]:: |
|
260 |
171 market [ˈmɑːkɪt], planet [ˈplænɪt], genet [ˈdʒenɪt], cutlet [ˈcʌltɪd] |
261 market [ˈmɑːkɪt], planet [ˈplænɪt], genet [ˈdʒenɪt], cutlet [ˈcʌltɪd] |
172 * "ei" в неударном слоге - [ɪ]. |
262 |
|
263 "ei" в неударном слоге - [ɪ]:: |
|
264 |
173 foreign [ˈfɔrɪn] |
265 foreign [ˈfɔrɪn] |
174 * "ey" - [ɪ]. |
266 |
|
267 "ey" - [ɪ]:: |
|
268 |
175 hockey [ˈhɔkɪ], money [ˈmʌnɪ] |
269 hockey [ˈhɔkɪ], money [ˈmʌnɪ] |
176 * "ew" - [juː]. |
270 |
|
271 "ew" - [juː]:: |
|
272 |
177 new [njuː], few [fjuː] |
273 new [njuː], few [fjuː] |
178 * "ew" после звуков [r, l, dʒ] - [uː]. |
274 |
|
275 "ew" после звуков [r, l, dʒ] - [uː]:: |
|
276 |
179 crew [kruː], grew [gruː] |
277 crew [kruː], grew [gruː] |
180 * "eu" - [juː]. |
278 |
|
279 "eu" - [juː]:: |
|
280 |
181 deuce [djuːs] |
281 deuce [djuːs] |
182 * "ei" в ударном слоге - [eɪ]. |
282 |
|
283 "ei" в ударном слоге - [eɪ]:: |
|
284 |
183 vein [veɪn], freight [freɪt], eight [eɪt] |
285 vein [veɪn], freight [freɪt], eight [eɪt] |
184 * "ey" в ударном слоге - [eɪ]. |
286 |
|
287 "ey" в ударном слоге - [eɪ]:: |
|
288 |
185 they [θeɪ] |
289 they [θeɪ] |
186 |
290 |
187 * "i" в открытом ударном слоге - [aɪ]. |
291 |
|
292 "i" в открытом ударном слоге - [aɪ]:: |
|
293 |
188 fi-ve [faɪv], li-ner [ˈlaɪnə], pi-lot [ˈpaɪlət], time [taɪm] |
294 fi-ve [faɪv], li-ner [ˈlaɪnə], pi-lot [ˈpaɪlət], time [taɪm] |
189 !!! machine [məʃiːn], cinema [ˈsɪnimə], live [lɪv], give [ɡɪv] |
295 !!! machine [məʃiːn], cinema [ˈsɪnimə], live [lɪv], give [ɡɪv] |
190 * "i" перед "nd" - [aɪ]. |
296 |
|
297 "i" перед "nd" - [aɪ]:: |
|
298 |
191 kind [kaɪnd], find [faɪnd]. |
299 kind [kaɪnd], find [faɪnd]. |
192 !!! wind [wɪnd] |
300 !!! wind [wɪnd] |
193 * "i" перед "ld" - [aɪ]. |
301 |
|
302 "i" перед "ld" - [aɪ]:: |
|
303 |
194 wild [waɪld], mild [maɪld] |
304 wild [waɪld], mild [maɪld] |
195 * "i" перед "gn" - [aɪ]. |
305 |
|
306 "i" перед "gn" - [aɪ]:: |
|
307 |
196 sign [saɪn], design [dɪˈzaɪn] |
308 sign [saɪn], design [dɪˈzaɪn] |
197 * "i" перед "gh" - [aɪ]. |
309 |
|
310 "i" перед "gh" - [aɪ]:: |
|
311 |
198 light [laɪt], sight [saɪt] |
312 light [laɪt], sight [saɪt] |
199 !!! wind [wɪnd] |
313 !!! wind [wɪnd] |
200 * "ie" на конце односложных слов - [aɪ]. |
314 |
|
315 "ie" на конце односложных слов - [aɪ]:: |
|
316 |
201 die [daɪ], lie [laɪ] |
317 die [daɪ], lie [laɪ] |
202 * "i" в закрытом ударном слоге - [i]. |
318 |
|
319 "i" в закрытом ударном слоге - [i]:: |
|
320 |
203 pin [pɪn], din-ner [ˈdɪnə], stick [stɪk], since [sɪns] |
321 pin [pɪn], din-ner [ˈdɪnə], stick [stɪk], since [sɪns] |
204 * "i" в неударном положении - [i]. |
322 |
|
323 "i" в неударном положении - [i]:: |
|
324 |
205 immense [ɪˈmens], imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] |
325 immense [ɪˈmens], imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] |
206 * "ir" в ударном положении - [əː]. |
326 |
|
327 "ir" в ударном положении - [əː]:: |
|
328 |
207 first [fəːst], girl [ɡəːl], third [θəːd] |
329 first [fəːst], girl [ɡəːl], third [θəːd] |
208 * "ire" - [aɪə]. |
330 |
|
331 "ire" - [aɪə]:: |
|
332 |
209 fire [faɪə], mire [maɪə], entire [inˈtaɪə] |
333 fire [faɪə], mire [maɪə], entire [inˈtaɪə] |
210 * "ia" - [aɪə]. |
334 |
|
335 "ia" - [aɪə]:: |
|
336 |
211 diamond [daɪəmənd], dialogue [ˈdaɪəlɔɡ] |
337 diamond [daɪəmənd], dialogue [ˈdaɪəlɔɡ] |
212 * "io" - [aɪə]. |
338 |
|
339 "io" - [aɪə]:: |
|
340 |
213 prior [praɪə], pioneer [ˌpaɪəˈniə], violate [ˈvaɪəleɪt] |
341 prior [praɪə], pioneer [ˌpaɪəˈniə], violate [ˈvaɪəleɪt] |
214 * "ie" в середине корневых слов - [iː]. |
342 |
|
343 "ie" в середине корневых слов - [iː]:: |
|
344 |
215 field [fiːld], brief [briːf], grieve [ɡriːv] |
345 field [fiːld], brief [briːf], grieve [ɡriːv] |
216 !!! friend [frend] |
346 !!! friend [frend] |
217 |
347 |
218 * "o" в открытом ударном слоге - [ou]. |
348 |
|
349 "o" в открытом ударном слоге - [ou]:: |
|
350 |
219 no [nou], ro-se [rouz], so-fa [ˈsoufə] |
351 no [nou], ro-se [rouz], so-fa [ˈsoufə] |
220 !!! do [duː], does [dʌz] |
352 !!! do [duː], does [dʌz] |
221 * "old" - [oul]. |
353 |
|
354 "old" - [oul]:: |
|
355 |
222 cold [could] |
356 cold [could] |
223 * "ol" - [oul]. |
357 |
|
358 "ol" - [oul]:: |
|
359 |
224 control [kəntroul] |
360 control [kəntroul] |
225 * "oll" - [oul]. |
361 |
|
362 "oll" - [oul]:: |
|
363 |
226 roll [roul] |
364 roll [roul] |
227 * "oa" - [ou]. |
365 |
|
366 "oa" - [ou]:: |
|
367 |
228 road [roud], boat [bout], load [loud], loan [loun], oak [ouk] |
368 road [roud], boat [bout], load [loud], loan [loun], oak [ouk] |
229 * "ow" в конце слов - [ou]. |
369 |
|
370 "ow" в конце слов - [ou]:: |
|
371 |
230 know [nou], window [ˈwindou], low [lou] |
372 know [nou], window [ˈwindou], low [lou] |
231 !!! now [nau], how [hau], cow [kau] |
373 !!! now [nau], how [hau], cow [kau] |
232 * "o" перед "st" - [ou]. |
374 |
|
375 "o" перед "st" - [ou]:: |
|
376 |
233 post [poust], most [moust] |
377 post [poust], most [moust] |
234 !!! cost [kɔst], lost [lɔst], frost [frɔst] |
378 !!! cost [kɔst], lost [lɔst], frost [frɔst] |
235 * "o" в закрытом ударном слоге - [ɔ]. |
379 |
|
380 "o" в закрытом ударном слоге - [ɔ]:: |
|
381 |
236 on [ɔn], clock [clɔk], ob-ject [ɔbdʒɪkt], stop [stɔp], not [nɔt], got [ɡɔt] |
382 on [ɔn], clock [clɔk], ob-ject [ɔbdʒɪkt], stop [stɔp], not [nɔt], got [ɡɔt] |
237 * "ou" в середине слова - [au]. |
383 |
|
384 "ou" в середине слова - [au]:: |
|
385 |
238 town [taun], brown [braun], found [faund], pound [paud], sound [saund] |
386 town [taun], brown [braun], found [faund], pound [paud], sound [saund] |
239 !!! enough [ɪˈnʌf], country [ˈkʌntrɪ], trouble [trʌbl], touch [tʌʧ], young [jʌŋ], bowl [boul] |
387 !!! enough [ɪˈnʌf], country [ˈkʌntrɪ], trouble [trʌbl], touch [tʌʧ], young [jʌŋ], bowl [boul] |
240 * "or" в ударном положении - [ɔː]. |
388 |
|
389 "or" в ударном положении - [ɔː]:: |
|
390 |
241 fork [fɔːk], short [ʃɔːt], sport [spɔːt], port [pɔːt] |
391 fork [fɔːk], short [ʃɔːt], sport [spɔːt], port [pɔːt] |
242 * "oor" - [ɔː]. |
392 |
|
393 "oor" - [ɔː]:: |
|
394 |
243 floor [flɔː], door [dɔː] |
395 floor [flɔː], door [dɔː] |
244 !!! pore [puə] |
396 !!! pore [puə] |
245 * "ore" - [ɔː]. |
397 |
|
398 "ore" - [ɔː]:: |
|
399 |
246 more [mɔː], core [cɔː], bore [bɔː], ore [ɔː], before [bɪˈfɔː] |
400 more [mɔː], core [cɔː], bore [bɔː], ore [ɔː], before [bɪˈfɔː] |
247 * "oar" - [ɔː]. |
401 |
|
402 "oar" - [ɔː]:: |
|
403 |
248 board [bɔːd] |
404 board [bɔːd] |
249 * "our" в середине слова - [ɔː]. |
405 |
|
406 "our" в середине слова - [ɔː]:: |
|
407 |
250 mourn [mɔːn], source [sɔːs] |
408 mourn [mɔːn], source [sɔːs] |
251 !!! courage [ˈcʌridʒ] |
409 !!! courage [ˈcʌridʒ] |
252 * "our" под ударением - [auə]. |
410 |
|
411 "our" под ударением - [auə]:: |
|
412 |
253 our [auə], hour [hauə], sour [sauə] |
413 our [auə], hour [hauə], sour [sauə] |
254 * "or" в неударном положении - [ə]. |
414 |
|
415 "or" в неударном положении - [ə]:: |
|
416 |
255 visitor [ˈvɪzɪtə], doctor [ˈdɔktə], operator [ˈɔpəreɪtə] |
417 visitor [ˈvɪzɪtə], doctor [ˈdɔktə], operator [ˈɔpəreɪtə] |
256 * "our" на конце слов - [ə]. |
418 |
|
419 "our" на конце слов - [ə]:: |
|
420 |
257 labour [ˈleɪbə], vapour [ˈveɪpə] |
421 labour [ˈleɪbə], vapour [ˈveɪpə] |
258 * "oi" - [ɔɪ]. |
422 |
|
423 "oi" - [ɔɪ]:: |
|
424 |
259 voice [vɔɪs], coil [cɔɪl], toil [tɔɪl], oil [ɔɪl], noise [nɔɪz] |
425 voice [vɔɪs], coil [cɔɪl], toil [tɔɪl], oil [ɔɪl], noise [nɔɪz] |
260 * "oy" - [ɔɪ]. |
426 |
|
427 "oy" - [ɔɪ]:: |
|
428 |
261 alloy [ˈælɔɪ], boy [bɔɪ], toy [tɔɪ] |
429 alloy [ˈælɔɪ], boy [bɔɪ], toy [tɔɪ] |
262 * "oo" - [uː]. |
430 |
|
431 "oo" - [uː]:: |
|
432 |
263 food [fuːd], root [ruːt], noon [nuːn], too [tuː], moon [muːn], pool [puːl], doom [duːm] |
433 food [fuːd], root [ruːt], noon [nuːn], too [tuː], moon [muːn], pool [puːl], doom [duːm] |
264 !!! good [ɡud], wood [wud], foot [fut], blood [blʌd], flood [flʌd] |
434 !!! good [ɡud], wood [wud], foot [fut], blood [blʌd], flood [flʌd] |
265 * "oo" перед "k" - [u]. |
435 |
|
436 "oo" перед "k" - [u]:: |
|
437 |
266 book [buk], look [luk], took [tuk], hook [huk] |
438 book [buk], look [luk], took [tuk], hook [huk] |
267 * "ous" на конце слов - [əs]. |
439 |
|
440 "ous" на конце слов - [əs]:: |
|
441 |
268 various [ˈvɛərɪəs], tremendous [trɪˈmendəs] |
442 various [ˈvɛərɪəs], tremendous [trɪˈmendəs] |
269 * "oth" под ударением - [ʌθ]. |
443 |
|
444 "oth" под ударением - [ʌθ]:: |
|
445 |
270 mother [ˈmʌθə], other [ˈʌθə], brother [ˈbrʌθə], another [əˈnʌθə] |
446 mother [ˈmʌθə], other [ˈʌθə], brother [ˈbrʌθə], another [əˈnʌθə] |
271 !!! both [bouθ] |
447 !!! both [bouθ] |
272 * "on" под ударением - [ʌn]. |
448 |
|
449 "on" под ударением - [ʌn]:: |
|
450 |
273 month [mʌnθ], son [sʌn], front [frʌnt], London [ˈlʌndən] |
451 month [mʌnθ], son [sʌn], front [frʌnt], London [ˈlʌndən] |
274 !!! on [ɔn] |
452 !!! on [ɔn] |
275 * "om" под ударением - [ʌm]. |
453 |
|
454 "om" под ударением - [ʌm]:: |
|
455 |
276 come [kʌm], some [sʌm] |
456 come [kʌm], some [sʌm] |
277 * "ov" под ударением - [ʌv]. |
457 |
|
458 "ov" под ударением - [ʌv]:: |
|
459 |
278 cover [ˈkʌvə], oven [ˈʌvn] |
460 cover [ˈkʌvə], oven [ˈʌvn] |
279 |
461 |
280 * "u" в открытом ударном слоге - [juː]. |
462 |
|
463 "u" в открытом ударном слоге - [juː]:: |
|
464 |
281 pu-pil [pjuːpl], stu-dent [ˈstjuːdənt], use [juːz] |
465 pu-pil [pjuːpl], stu-dent [ˈstjuːdənt], use [juːz] |
282 * "u" в закрытом ударном слоге - [ʌ]. |
466 |
|
467 "u" в закрытом ударном слоге - [ʌ]:: |
|
468 |
283 num-ber [ˈnʌmbə], un-cle [ʌŋkl], bus [bʌs] |
469 num-ber [ˈnʌmbə], un-cle [ʌŋkl], bus [bʌs] |
284 !!! put [put], push [puʃ], pull [pul], full [ful], bush [buʃ] |
470 !!! put [put], push [puʃ], pull [pul], full [ful], bush [buʃ] |
285 * "ue" после "l", "r", "j" - [uː]. |
471 |
|
472 "ue" после "l", "r", "j" - [uː]:: |
|
473 |
286 blue [bluː], true [truː] |
474 blue [bluː], true [truː] |
287 * "ui" после "l", "r", "j" - [uː]. |
475 |
|
476 "ui" после "l", "r", "j" - [uː]:: |
|
477 |
288 cruise [kruːz], juice [dʒuːs], fruit [fruːt] |
478 cruise [kruːz], juice [dʒuːs], fruit [fruːt] |
289 * "u" в неударном положении - [ə]. |
479 |
|
480 "u" в неударном положении - [ə]:: |
|
481 |
290 upon [əˈpɔn], supply [səpˈlaɪ], suspend [səsˈpend], difficult [ˈdɪfɪcəlt] |
482 upon [əˈpɔn], supply [səpˈlaɪ], suspend [səsˈpend], difficult [ˈdɪfɪcəlt] |
291 !!! mercury [ˈməːkjuːrɪ] |
483 !!! mercury [ˈməːkjuːrɪ] |
292 * "ur" в ударном слоге - [əː]. |
484 |
|
485 "ur" в ударном слоге - [əː]:: |
|
486 |
293 curtain [kəːtn], turn [təːn], curve [cəːv], surface [ˈsəːfɪs] |
487 curtain [kəːtn], turn [təːn], curve [cəːv], surface [ˈsəːfɪs] |
294 * "u" перед "r" + гласная - [juə]. |
488 |
|
489 "u" перед "r" + гласная - [juə]:: |
|
490 |
295 pure [pjuə], cure [kjuə], curious [ˈkjuərɪəs] |
491 pure [pjuə], cure [kjuə], curious [ˈkjuərɪəs] |
296 !!! sure [ʃuə] |
492 !!! sure [ʃuə] |
297 |
493 |
298 * "y" в открытом ударном слоге - [aɪ]. |
494 |
|
495 "y" в открытом ударном слоге - [aɪ]:: |
|
496 |
299 my [maɪ], try [traɪ], ty-pist [ˈtaɪpɪst], cycle [saɪkl] |
497 my [maɪ], try [traɪ], ty-pist [ˈtaɪpɪst], cycle [saɪkl] |
300 * "y" в закрытом ударном слоге - [ɪ]. |
498 |
|
499 "y" в закрытом ударном слоге - [ɪ]:: |
|
500 |
301 sym-bol [ˈsɪməl], symptom [ˈsɪmptəm] |
501 sym-bol [ˈsɪməl], symptom [ˈsɪmptəm] |
302 * "y" в открытом неударном слоге - [ɪ]. |
502 |
|
503 "y" в открытом неударном слоге - [ɪ]:: |
|
504 |
303 sorry [ˈsɔrɪ], tasty [ˈteɪstɪ], family [ˈfæemɪlɪ], tardy [ˈtɑːdɪ] |
505 sorry [ˈsɔrɪ], tasty [ˈteɪstɪ], family [ˈfæemɪlɪ], tardy [ˈtɑːdɪ] |
304 * "y" в начале слов перед гласными - [j]. |
506 |
|
507 "y" в начале слов перед гласными - [j]:: |
|
508 |
305 yet [jet], yard [jɑːd], year [jəː] |
509 yet [jet], yard [jɑːd], year [jəː] |
306 * "yr" + гласная - [aɪə]. |
510 |
|
511 "yr" + гласная - [aɪə]:: |
|
512 |
307 tyre [taɪə], tyrant [taɪərənt], gyroplane [dzaɪrəpleɪn] |
513 tyre [taɪə], tyrant [taɪərənt], gyroplane [dzaɪrəpleɪn] |
308 * "yr" + согласная - [əː]. |
514 |
|
515 "yr" + согласная - [əː]:: |
|
516 |
309 myrtle [məːtl] |
517 myrtle [məːtl] |
310 |
518 |
311 * "alk" - [ɔːk]. |
519 |
|
520 "alk" - [ɔːk]:: |
|
521 |
312 chalk [ʧɔːk], talk [tɔːk], walk [wɔːk] |
522 chalk [ʧɔːk], talk [tɔːk], walk [wɔːk] |
313 * "aught" - [ɔːt]. |
523 |
|
524 "aught" - [ɔːt]:: |
|
525 |
314 XXX |
526 XXX |
315 * "bt" - [t]. |
527 |
|
528 "bt" - [t]:: |
|
529 |
316 debt [det], doubt [daut] |
530 debt [det], doubt [daut] |
317 * "c" обычно - [k]. |
531 |
|
532 "c" обычно - [k]:: |
|
533 |
318 cap [kæp], come [kʌm], cup [kʌp] |
534 cap [kæp], come [kʌm], cup [kʌp] |
319 * "c" перед буквами "e", "i", "y" - [s]. |
535 |
|
536 "c" перед буквами "e", "i", "y" - [s]:: |
|
537 |
320 cent [sent], face [feɪs], city [ˈsɪtɪ] |
538 cent [sent], face [feɪs], city [ˈsɪtɪ] |
321 * "ch" - [ʧ]. |
539 |
|
540 "ch" - [ʧ]:: |
|
541 |
322 child [ʧaɪld], chalk [ʧɔːk], chain [ʧeɪn], chess [ʧes] |
542 child [ʧaɪld], chalk [ʧɔːk], chain [ʧeɪn], chess [ʧes] |
323 * "cial" - [ʃ(ə)l]. |
543 |
|
544 "cial" - [ʃ(ə)l]:: |
|
545 |
324 special [ˈspeʃ(ə)l], commercial [kəˈməːʃ(ə)l] |
546 special [ˈspeʃ(ə)l], commercial [kəˈməːʃ(ə)l] |
325 * "cient" - [ʃ(ə)nt]. |
547 |
|
548 "cient" - [ʃ(ə)nt]:: |
|
549 |
326 efficient [ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt] |
550 efficient [ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt] |
327 * "ck" - [k]. |
551 |
|
552 "ck" - [k]:: |
|
553 |
328 black [blæk], clock [klɔk], thick [θɪk]. |
554 black [blæk], clock [klɔk], thick [θɪk]. |
329 * "g" обычно - [g]. |
555 |
|
556 "g" обычно - [g]:: |
|
557 |
330 game [ɡeɪm], glad [ɡlæd], go [ɡəu] |
558 game [ɡeɪm], glad [ɡlæd], go [ɡəu] |
331 * "g" перед буквами "e", "i", "y" - [dʒ]. |
559 |
|
560 "g" перед буквами "e", "i", "y" - [dʒ]:: |
|
561 |
332 gypsy [ˈdʒɪpsɪ], gem [dʒem] |
562 gypsy [ˈdʒɪpsɪ], gem [dʒem] |
333 * "gn" - [n]. |
563 |
|
564 "gn" - [n]:: |
|
565 |
334 sign [saɪn], gnome [nəum] |
566 sign [saɪn], gnome [nəum] |
335 * "gm" - [m]. |
567 |
|
568 "gm" - [m]:: |
|
569 |
336 paradigm ['pærədaɪm] |
570 paradigm ['pærədaɪm] |
337 * "gh" не читается. |
571 |
|
572 "gh" не читается:: |
|
573 |
338 though [ðou], through [θruː] |
574 though [ðou], through [θruː] |
339 !!! enough [ɪˈnʌf], laugh [lɑːf] |
575 !!! enough [ɪˈnʌf], laugh [lɑːf] |
340 * "ght" - [t]. |
576 |
|
577 "ght" - [t]:: |
|
578 |
341 might [maɪt], fight [faɪt] |
579 might [maɪt], fight [faɪt] |
342 * "igh" - [aɪ]. |
580 |
|
581 "igh" - [aɪ]:: |
|
582 |
343 high [haɪ], fight [faɪt] |
583 high [haɪ], fight [faɪt] |
344 * "ild" - [aɪld]. |
584 |
|
585 "ild" - [aɪld]:: |
|
586 |
345 child [ʧaɪld], wild [waɪld] |
587 child [ʧaɪld], wild [waɪld] |
346 * "imb" - [aɪm]. |
588 |
|
589 "imb" - [aɪm]:: |
|
590 |
347 climb - [klaɪm] |
591 climb - [klaɪm] |
348 * "ince" - [aɪns]. |
592 |
|
593 "ince" - [aɪns]:: |
|
594 |
349 XXX |
595 XXX |
350 * "ind" - [aɪnd]. |
596 |
|
597 "ind" - [aɪnd]:: |
|
598 |
351 mind [maɪnd], find [faɪnd], kind [kaɪnd] |
599 mind [maɪnd], find [faɪnd], kind [kaɪnd] |
352 * "ing" - [iŋ]. |
600 |
|
601 "ing" - [iŋ]:: |
|
602 |
353 signing [ˈsaɪniŋ], running [ˈrʌnɪŋ] |
603 signing [ˈsaɪniŋ], running [ˈrʌnɪŋ] |
354 * "ink" - [iŋk]. |
604 |
|
605 "ink" - [iŋk]:: |
|
606 |
355 think [θɪŋk], link [lɪŋk] |
607 think [θɪŋk], link [lɪŋk] |
356 * "j" - [dʒ]. |
608 |
|
609 "j" - [dʒ]:: |
|
610 |
357 jump [dʒʌmp] |
611 jump [dʒʌmp] |
358 * "kn" в начале слова - [n]. |
612 |
|
613 "kn" в начале слова - [n]:: |
|
614 |
359 know [kəu], knot [nɔt] |
615 know [kəu], knot [nɔt] |
360 * "lf" - [f]. |
616 |
|
617 "lf" - [f]:: |
|
618 |
361 calf [kɑːf], half [hɑːf] |
619 calf [kɑːf], half [hɑːf] |
362 !!! gulf [ɡʌlf] |
620 !!! gulf [ɡʌlf] |
363 * "lm" - [m]. |
621 |
|
622 "lm" - [m]:: |
|
623 |
364 balm [bɑːm], calm [kɑːm], holm [həum], palm [pɑːm] |
624 balm [bɑːm], calm [kɑːm], holm [həum], palm [pɑːm] |
365 * "mb" - [m]. |
625 |
|
626 "mb" - [m]:: |
|
627 |
366 climb [klaɪm], limb [laɪm], comb [koum] |
628 climb [klaɪm], limb [laɪm], comb [koum] |
367 * "mn" на конце слова - [m]. |
629 |
|
630 "mn" на конце слова - [m]:: |
|
631 |
368 autumn [ˈɔːtəm], damn [dæm], hymn [hɪm] |
632 autumn [ˈɔːtəm], damn [dæm], hymn [hɪm] |
369 * "ness" в неударном положении - [nɪs]. |
633 |
|
634 "ness" в неударном положении - [nɪs]:: |
|
635 |
370 emptiness - [ˈemptɪnɪs] |
636 emptiness - [ˈemptɪnɪs] |
371 * "ng" - [ŋ]. |
637 |
|
638 "ng" - [ŋ]:: |
|
639 |
372 long [lɔŋ], song [sɔŋ], string [strɪŋ] |
640 long [lɔŋ], song [sɔŋ], string [strɪŋ] |
373 * "ng" и "g" относится к разным слогам - [ŋɡ]. |
641 |
|
642 "ng" и "g" относится к разным слогам - [ŋɡ]:: |
|
643 |
374 angry [ˈæŋɡrɪ], English [ˈɪŋɡliʃ] |
644 angry [ˈæŋɡrɪ], English [ˈɪŋɡliʃ] |
375 * "nk" - [ŋk]. |
645 |
|
646 "nk" - [ŋk]:: |
|
647 |
376 ink [ɪŋk], think [θɪŋk] |
648 ink [ɪŋk], think [θɪŋk] |
377 * "ough" без последующего "t" - [uː]. |
649 |
|
650 "ough" без последующего "t" - [uː]:: |
|
651 |
378 XXX |
652 XXX |
379 * "ought" - [ɔːt]. |
653 |
|
654 "ought" - [ɔːt]:: |
|
655 |
380 brought [brɔːt], thought [θɔːt], fought [fɔːt] |
656 brought [brɔːt], thought [θɔːt], fought [fɔːt] |
381 * "ould" - [ud]. |
657 |
|
658 "ould" - [ud]:: |
|
659 |
382 could [kud], should [shud], would [wud] |
660 could [kud], should [shud], would [wud] |
383 * "ph" - [f]. |
661 |
|
662 "ph" - [f]:: |
|
663 |
384 photo [ˈfoutou], sphere [sfɪə], phrase [freɪz] |
664 photo [ˈfoutou], sphere [sfɪə], phrase [freɪz] |
385 * "pn" - [n]. |
665 |
|
666 "pn" - [n]:: |
|
667 |
386 pneumonia [njuːˈmənjə] |
668 pneumonia [njuːˈmənjə] |
387 * "pt" - [t]. |
669 |
|
670 "pt" - [t]:: |
|
671 |
388 receipt [rɪˈsɪːt] |
672 receipt [rɪˈsɪːt] |
389 * "qu" - [kw]. |
673 |
|
674 "qu" - [kw]:: |
|
675 |
390 quick [kwɪk], question ['kwesʧ(ə)n] |
676 quick [kwɪk], question ['kwesʧ(ə)n] |
391 * "ft" - [f]. |
677 |
|
678 "ft" - [f]:: |
|
679 |
392 often [ɔfn] |
680 often [ɔfn] |
393 * "r" в конце слов если следующее слова начинается с гласной - [r]. |
681 |
|
682 "r" в конце слов если следующее слова начинается с гласной - [r]:: |
|
683 |
394 our own room [auər oun rum] |
684 our own room [auər oun rum] |
395 * "s" в начале слов - [s]. |
685 |
|
686 "s" в начале слов - [s]:: |
|
687 |
396 send [send], spend [spend] |
688 send [send], spend [spend] |
397 * "s" перед и после глухой согласной - [s]. |
689 |
|
690 "s" перед и после глухой согласной - [s]:: |
|
691 |
398 test [test], cups [kʌps] |
692 test [test], cups [kʌps] |
399 * "s" после гласных - [z]. |
693 |
|
694 "s" после гласных - [z]:: |
|
695 |
400 as [az], days [deɪz] |
696 as [az], days [deɪz] |
401 * "s" между гласными - [z]. |
697 |
|
698 "s" между гласными - [z]:: |
|
699 |
402 nose [nouz] |
700 nose [nouz] |
403 * "s" на конце слов после звонких согласных и гласных - [z]. |
701 |
|
702 "s" на конце слов после звонких согласных и гласных - [z]:: |
|
703 |
404 pens [penz], bells [belz] |
704 pens [penz], bells [belz] |
405 * "sh" - [ʃ]. |
705 |
|
706 "sh" - [ʃ]:: |
|
707 |
406 she [ʃiː], should [ʃud], sheep [ʃiːp] |
708 she [ʃiː], should [ʃud], sheep [ʃiːp] |
407 * "sion" после гласной - [ʒn]. |
709 |
|
710 "sion" после гласной - [ʒn]:: |
|
711 |
408 incision [ɪnˈsɪʒ(ə)n] |
712 incision [ɪnˈsɪʒ(ə)n] |
409 * "sion" после согласной - [ʃn]. |
713 |
|
714 "sion" после согласной - [ʃn]:: |
|
715 |
410 pension [penʃn] |
716 pension [penʃn] |
411 * "sl" - [l]. |
717 |
|
718 "sl" - [l]:: |
|
719 |
412 aisle [aɪl], island [ˈaɪlənd] |
720 aisle [aɪl], island [ˈaɪlənd] |
413 * "ss" - [s]. |
721 |
|
722 "ss" - [s]:: |
|
723 |
414 chess [ʧes], Bess [bes], dress [dres] |
724 chess [ʧes], Bess [bes], dress [dres] |
415 * "st" - [s]. |
725 |
|
726 "st" - [s]:: |
|
727 |
416 castle [kaːsl], listen [lɪsn], whistle [wɪsl] |
728 castle [kaːsl], listen [lɪsn], whistle [wɪsl] |
417 * "ssion" - [ʃ(ə)n]. |
729 |
|
730 "ssion" - [ʃ(ə)n]:: |
|
731 |
418 commission [kəˈmɪʃ(ə)n], progression [prəuˈɡreʃ(ə)n] |
732 commission [kəˈmɪʃ(ə)n], progression [prəuˈɡreʃ(ə)n] |
419 * "ssure" - [ʃə]. |
733 |
|
734 "ssure" - [ʃə]:: |
|
735 |
420 XXX |
736 XXX |
421 * "stion" - [sʧn]. |
737 |
|
738 "stion" - [sʧn]:: |
|
739 |
422 question [qwesʧn] |
740 question [qwesʧn] |
423 * "sure" -[ʒə]. |
741 |
|
742 "sure" -[ʒə]:: |
|
743 |
424 measure [ˈmeʒə], pleasure [ˈplezhə] |
744 measure [ˈmeʒə], pleasure [ˈplezhə] |
425 * "tch" - [ʧ]. |
745 |
|
746 "tch" - [ʧ]:: |
|
747 |
426 watch [wɔʧ], pitch [pɪʧ] |
748 watch [wɔʧ], pitch [pɪʧ] |
427 * "tion" - [ʃ(ə)n]. |
749 |
|
750 "tion" - [ʃ(ə)n]:: |
|
751 |
428 communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n], station [steɪʃ(ə)n], nation [neɪʃn] |
752 communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n], station [steɪʃ(ə)n], nation [neɪʃn] |
429 * "th" в начале и в конце знаменательных слов - [θ]. |
753 |
|
754 "th" в начале и в конце знаменательных слов - [θ]:: |
|
755 |
430 thin [θin], thick [θik], bath [bɑːθ] |
756 thin [θin], thick [θik], bath [bɑːθ] |
431 * "th" в служебных словах, наречиях, местоимениях - [ð]. |
757 |
|
758 "th" в служебных словах, наречиях, местоимениях - [ð]:: |
|
759 |
432 the [ðə], with [wið], though [ðou], then [ðen], this [ðis], that [ðæt] |
760 the [ðə], with [wið], though [ðou], then [ðen], this [ðis], that [ðæt] |
433 * "th" между двумя гласными - [ð]. |
761 |
|
762 "th" между двумя гласными - [ð]:: |
|
763 |
434 bathe [beið], clothe [klouð] |
764 bathe [beið], clothe [klouð] |
435 * "ture" - [ʧə]. |
765 |
|
766 "ture" - [ʧə]:: |
|
767 |
436 picture [ˈpɪkʧə], lecture [ˈlekʧə], culture [ˈcʌlʧə] |
768 picture [ˈpɪkʧə], lecture [ˈlekʧə], culture [ˈcʌlʧə] |
437 * "x" - [ks]. |
769 |
|
770 "x" - [ks]:: |
|
771 |
438 six [sɪks] |
772 six [sɪks] |
439 * "wa" - [wɔ]. |
773 |
|
774 "wa" - [wɔ]:: |
|
775 |
440 want [wɔnt], wash [wɔʃ] |
776 want [wɔnt], wash [wɔʃ] |
441 * "wh" перед гласными кроме "o" - [w]. |
777 |
|
778 "wh" перед гласными кроме "o" - [w]:: |
|
779 |
442 while [waɪl], whack [wæk] |
780 while [waɪl], whack [wæk] |
443 * "wh" перед "o" - [h]. |
781 |
|
782 "wh" перед "o" - [h]:: |
|
783 |
444 who [huː], whom [huːm], whose [huːz] |
784 who [huː], whom [huːm], whose [huːz] |
445 * "wha" - [wɔ]. |
785 |
|
786 "wha" - [wɔ]:: |
|
787 |
446 what [wɔt] |
788 what [wɔt] |
447 * "wor" в ударном положении - [wəː]. |
789 |
|
790 "wor" в ударном положении - [wəː]:: |
|
791 |
448 worse [wəːs], world [wəːld], work [wəːk], worm [wəːm] |
792 worse [wəːs], world [wəːld], work [wəːk], worm [wəːm] |
449 !!! worn [wɔːn] |
793 !!! worn [wɔːn] |
450 * "wr" - [r]. |
794 |
|
795 "wr" - [r]:: |
|
796 |
451 write [raɪt], wrong [rɔŋ] |
797 write [raɪt], wrong [rɔŋ] |
452 * "xh" - [ks]. |
798 |
|
799 "xh" - [ks]:: |
|
800 |
453 exhibition [ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn] |
801 exhibition [ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn] |