www/en-phrase-examples_ru.rst
changeset 339 4d8d46bbe30d
parent 306 973965452d79
child 706 f5de92f37c3e
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+++ b/www/en-phrase-examples_ru.rst	Sun Mar 13 18:20:35 2016 +0200
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+
+==================================
+ Речевые образцы/Phrase examples.
+==================================
+.. contents::
+   :local:
+
+.. role:: cr
+  :class: cr
+.. role:: cg
+  :class: cg
+
+Пояснения
+=========
+
+Разговорный словарь - Phrase book. Речевые образцы - Phrase examples.
+
+Present Simple Tense
+====================
+
+``SUB-S`` - single subject, ``SUB-P`` - plural subject, ``V1`` - infinitive form of
+verb.
+
+For verbs that ends on: ``s``, ``ss``, ``sh``, ``ch``, ``x`` used ``-es``
+suffix, otherwise ``-s``. TODO
+
+.. table:: Statement sentence
+
+  +--------------------------+-----+
+  || SUB-S :cr:`V1`          | OBJ |
+  || SUB-P :cr:`V1 + -s/-es` |     |
+  +--------------------------+-----+
+
+.. table:: Negation sentence
+
+  +--------------------------------+-----+
+  || SUB-S :cg:`do not` :cr:`V1`   | OBJ |
+  || SUB-S :cg:`don't` :cr:`V1`    |     |
+  || SUB-P :cg:`does not` :cr:`V1` |     |
+  || SUB-P :cg:`doesn't` :cr:`V1`  |     |
+  +--------------------------------+-----+
+
+.. table:: Question sentence
+
+  +----------------------------+------+
+  || :cg:`Do` SUB-S :cr:`V1`   | OBJ? |
+  || :cg:`Does` SUB-P :cr:`V1` |      |
+  +----------------------------+------+
+
+Present Simple Tense  for be
+============================
+
+.. table:: Statement sentence
+
+  +-----------------+-----+
+  || I :cg:`am`     | OBJ |
+  || :cg:`I'm`      |     |
+  +-----------------+     |
+  || You :cg:`are`  |     |
+  || :cg:`You're`   |     |
+  || We :cg:`are`   |     |
+  || :cg:`We're`    |     |
+  || They :cg:`are` |     |
+  || :cg:`They're`  |     |
+  +-----------------+     |
+  || He :cg:`is`    |     |
+  || :cg:`He's`     |     |
+  || She :cg:`is`   |     |
+  || :cg:`She's`    |     |
+  || It :cg:`is`    |     |
+  || :cg:`It's`     |     |
+  +-----------------+-----+
+
+.. table:: Negation sentence
+
+  +---------------------+-----+
+  || I :cg:`am not`     | OBJ |
+  || :cg:`I'm not`      |     |
+  +---------------------+     |
+  || You :cg:`are not`  |     |
+  || You :cg:`aren't`   |     |
+  || :cg:`You're not`   |     |
+  || We :cg:`are not`   |     |
+  || We :cg:`aren't`    |     |
+  || :cg:`We're not`    |     |
+  || They :cg:`are not` |     |
+  || They :cg:`aren't`  |     |
+  || :cg:`They're not`  |     |
+  +---------------------+     |
+  || He :cg:`is not`    |     |
+  || He :cg:`isn't`     |     |
+  || :cg:`He's not`     |     |
+  || She :cg:`is not`   |     |
+  || She :cg:`isn't`    |     |
+  || :cg:`She's not`    |     |
+  || It :cg:`is not`    |     |
+  || It :cg:`isn't`     |     |
+  || :cg:`It's not`     |     |
+  +---------------------+-----+
+
+.. table:: Question sentence.
+
+  +------------+--------+-------+
+  || :cg:`Am`  || I     || OBJ? |
+  +------------+--------+       |
+  || :cg:`Are` || we    |       |
+  |            || you   |       |
+  |            || they  |       |
+  +------------+--------+       |
+  || :cg:`Is`  || he    |       |
+  |            || she   |       |
+  |            || it    |       |
+  +------------+--------+-------+
+
+Present Simple Tense for have
+=============================
+
+.. table:: Statement sentence
+
+  +------------------+------+
+  || I :cg:`have`    || OBJ |
+  || :cg:`I've`      || OBJ |
+  || You :cg:`have`  |      |
+  || :cg:`You've`    |      |
+  || We :cg:`have`   |      |
+  || :cg:`We've`     |      |
+  || They :cg:`have` |      |
+  || :cg:`They've`   |      |
+  +------------------+------+
+  || He :cg:`has`    |      |
+  || :cg:`He's`      |      |
+  || She :cg:`has`   |      |
+  || :cg:`She's`     |      |
+  || It :cg:`has`    |      |
+  || :cg:`It's`      |      |
+  +------------------+------+
+
+.. table:: Negation sentence
+
+  +---------------------+------+
+  || I :cg:`have no`    || OBJ |
+  || :cg:`I've no`      |      |
+  || You :cg:`have no`  |      |
+  || :cg:`You've no`    |      |
+  || We :cg:`have no`   |      |
+  || :cg:`We've no`     |      |
+  || They :cg:`have no` |      |
+  || :cg:`They've no`   |      |
+  +---------------------+------+
+  || He :cg:`has no`    |      |
+  || :cg:`He's no`      |      |
+  || She :cg:`has no`   |      |
+  || :cg:`She's no`     |      |
+  || It :cg:`has no`    |      |
+  || :cg:`It's no`      |      |
+  +---------------------+------+
+
+.. table:: Question sentence
+
+  +-------------+-------+-------+
+  || :cg:`Have` || I    || OBJ? |
+  ||            || you  |       |
+  ||            || we   |       |
+  ||            || they |       |
+  +-------------+-------+       |
+  || :cg:`Has`  || he   |       |
+  ||            || she  |       |
+  ||            || it   |       |
+  +-------------+-------+-------+
+
+Past simple tense
+=================
+
+``SUB`` - subject, ``V2`` - past form of verb.
+
+.. table:: Statement sentence
+
+  +-------------------+
+  || SUB :cr:`V2` OBJ |
+  +-------------------+
+
+.. table:: Negation sentence
+
+  +------+----------------+--------------+
+  || SUB || :cg:`did not` | :cr:`V1` OBJ |
+  ||     || :cg:`did't`   |              |
+  +------+----------------+--------------+
+
+.. table:: Question sentence
+
+  +-------------------------+------+
+  || :cg:`Did` SUB :cr:`V1` | OBJ? |
+  +-------------------------+------+
+
+Imperative mood
+===============
+
+``V1`` - infinitive form of verb, ``OBJ`` - object, ``ADV`` - adverb.
+
+.. table:: imperative mood
+
+  +-------------------+
+  || :cr:`V1` OBJ     |
+  || :cr:`V1` OBJ ADV |
+  +-------------------+
+
+.. line-block::
+
+  Get this!
+  Bring him immediately!
+  Do that right now!
+
+TODO
+====
+
+Negative question sentence.
+
+An S (sentence) consists of an NP (noun phrase) followed by a VP (verb phrase).
+The second rule reads: A noun phrase consists of a Det (determiner) followed by
+an N (noun). Some further categories are listed here: AP (adjective phrase),
+AdvP (adverb phrase), PP (prepositional phrase), etc. Specific notations for
+writing phrase structure rules can be identified in the third rule. The round
+brackets around AP and PP indicate that these constituents are optional. A
+single noun can still stand as a noun phrase.
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(linguistics)
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_phrase
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb_phrase
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjective_phrase
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverb_phrase
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepositional_phrase
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_grammar
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bar_theory
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrase_structure_rules
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimalist_program
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_grammar
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_clause_syntax
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uses_of_English_verb_forms
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasal_verb
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_verb