hardware.rst
author Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
Fri, 04 Dec 2015 23:48:44 +0200
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.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
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.. include:: HEADER.rst
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================
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 List hardware.
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================
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.. contents::
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Linux hardware compatibility databases.
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=======================================
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  http://www.linux-drivers.org/
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    Links for various databases.
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  https://h-node.org/
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    Hardware database of devices that work with a fully free operating system.
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  http://linux-sound.org/hardware.html
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    Audio interfaces for Linux.
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  http://openbenchmarking.org/
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    Public result database from Phoronix Test Suite for Linux.
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Distros list of supported hardware:
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  https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/
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    How to install, configure and use Debian on some specific hardware.
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  https://en.opensuse.org/Hardware
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    OpenSuse.
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  https://hardware.redhat.com/
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    RedHat.
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List of supported video / graphics card / chipset card by Xorg:
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  http://xorg.freedesktop.org/wiki/Projects/Drivers/
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    graphics card / chipset
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List of supported laptops/mobile::
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  http://www.linux-on-laptops.com/
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    Reports on running Linux on notebook or laptop computers.
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  http://tuxmobil.org/
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    Laptop/mobile support.
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Printers:
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  http://www.openprinting.org/printers
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    List of printers.
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  http://www.openprinting.org/drivers
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    List of drivers.
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LAN:
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  http://linux-wless.passys.nl/
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    Linux wireless LAN support.
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List hardware under Linux.
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==========================
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Command line:
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  ``dmesg``
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    Messages about detecting new hardware.
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  ``lshal -m``
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    monitor for hardware changes
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  ``lspci``
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    All PCI devices.
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  ``lspci -vvv``
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    All PCI devices. Very verbose output.
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  ``sudo lspci -vvvnn``
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    All PCI devices. Very verbose output with vendor and device codes as both numbers and names.
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  ``hwinfo --short``
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    Overview of all hardware, as well as more detailed info.
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  ``lshw``
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    Another program for listing hardware.
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  ``lshw -html | w3m -T text/html``
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    Lists hardware with HTML output in the w3m web browser.
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  ``uptime``
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    Current time elapsed since last reboot, users, and load average.
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  ``lsusb``
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    USB buses and attached devices.
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  ``lsusb -vvv``
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    USB buses and attached devices. Very verbose output.
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GUI: ``hardinfo``, ``lshw-gtk``.
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List hardware under Windows.
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============================
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  ``%WINDIR%\system32\msinfo32.exe``
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    msinfo32
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  http://www.cpuid.com/softwares/cpu-z.html
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    cpu-z
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  ``%WINDIR%\system32\dxdiag.exe``
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    DirectX Diagnostic Tool
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  ``%WINDIR%\system32\devmgmt.msc /s``
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    Device Manager
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List processors.
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================
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  ``cat /proc/cpuinfo``
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    All processors, clock speeds, flags, and more.
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  ``watch -d grep MHz /proc/cpuinfo``
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    CPU MHz speed monitor.
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  ``cat /proc/loadavg``
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    Processor load average for the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
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  ``top``
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    Press C key to sort processes by CPU usage.
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  ``sudo powertop``
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    CPU usage by processes, idle/freq/dev stats
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List memory.
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============
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  ``free``
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    Total, used, and free memory.
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  ``free -m``
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    Total, used, and free memory shown in MB.
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  ``cat /proc/meminfo``
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    Amount of RAM and swap, and how much is being used for what.
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  ``top``
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    Real-time memory consumption. Press M key to sort processes by memory usage.
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::
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  $ cat /proc/meminfo
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  $ sudo lshw -class memory
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  $ sudo lshw -short -C memory
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  $ sudo dmidecode --type memory
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  $ sudo apt-get install i2c-tools
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  $ sudo modprobe eeprom
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  $ sudo decode-dimms
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  $ read-edid
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Graphics card.
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==============
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  ``glxinfo``
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                Details about OpenGL, the Xserver, and your graphics card.
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  ``glxinfo | grep direct``
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                Do you have direct 3d rendering?
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  ``glxinfo | grep vendor``
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                Graphics card vendor.
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  ``lspci | grep VGA``
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                Specific graphics card model.
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  ``glxgears``
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                A simple 3d benchmark, prints frame rate to the terminal.
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  ``xrandr``
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                Supported display resolutions.
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  ``xdpyinfo``
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    Utility for displaying information about an X server.
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  ``xvinfo``
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    Print out X-Video extension adaptor information.
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  ``xdriinfo``
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    Query configuration information of DRI drivers.
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Audio.
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======
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  ``lspci | grep Audio``
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                Audio controller.
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  ``aplay --list-devices``
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                More audio device information.
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Software versions.
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==================
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  ``cat /etc/issue``
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                Current distribution and version.
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  ``apt-cache showpkg packagename``
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                Packagename’s version and dependencies.
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  ``uname -r``
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                Linux kernel version.
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  ``uname -a``
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                All kernel details.
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Networking.
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===========
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  ``lspci | grep Ethernet``
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    Ethernet controllers.
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  ``ip link show``
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    List of netword devices and MAC addresses.
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  ``ip addr show``
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    List of netword devices, assigned IP addresses and MAC addresses.
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  ``ifconfig``
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    Networking interfaces, IP addresses, and more.
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Hard disks.
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===========
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  ``df -H``
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                Partitions, as well as their mount-points and usage in GB.
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  ``sudo fdisk -l``
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                All partitions, their device names, and positions on disk.
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  ``hwinfo --disk`` or  ``lshw -class disk``
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                Disk hardware info.
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  ``smartctl``
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                Show S.M.A.R.T. reports about disk heals.
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Fan/temperature/voltage.
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========================
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Detect available sensors::
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  $ sudo apt-get install lm-sensors
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  $ sudo sensors-detect
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Load corresponding kernel module, like::
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  $ sudo modprobe coretemp
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b5bf778c7457 Fan/temperature.
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Check output::
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b5bf778c7457 Fan/temperature.
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  $ sudo sensors
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``sensors`` uses ``/sys/class/hwmon/*`` hierarchy.
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HDD temperature through SMART::
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  $ sudo hddtemp /dev/sd?
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BIOS info.
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==========
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Human readable string with BIOS.motheboard names::
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  $ dd if=/dev/mem bs=64k skip=15 count=1 | strings
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Find out virtualization type.
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=============================
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::
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  $ sudo apt-get install virt-what
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  $ virt-what
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  $ sudo apt-get install imvirt
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  $ imvirt
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