html.rst
author Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
Sat, 10 Feb 2018 01:49:07 +0200
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parent 2228 837f1337c59b
permissions -rw-r--r--
Fixed formatting.
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
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=======
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 HTML.
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=======
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.. contents::
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   :local:
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1978
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HTML spec
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=========
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2e9097b2426d HTML attribute reference (single page).
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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes
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  HTML attribute reference (single page).
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1978
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HTML version declaration
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========================
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HTML5 version is declared via::
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  <!doctype html>
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HTML4.01::
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  <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
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  <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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  <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">
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1966
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Page encoding
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=============
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Place in HEAD tag (CHARSET is one among of defined by
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http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets)::
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  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=CHARSET">
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or in HTML 5::
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  <meta charset="utf-8">
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See:
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* http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/charset.html#h-5.2.2
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1966
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Page or text language
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=====================
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Client may suggest preferred language to server via ``Accept-Language`` HTTP
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tag::
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  Accept-Language: da, en-gb;q=0.8, en;q=0.7
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W3C best practice suggest to surround corresponding text pieces in tag with
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``lang`` attribute. Attribute values are from BCP 47.
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It is good to set language in ``html`` tag::
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f4ff79a3e693 It is good to set language in ``html`` tag.
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  <html lang="en">
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1998
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https://www.w3.org/International/tutorials/tutorial-char-enc/
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  Handling character encodings in HTML and CSS (tutorial).
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http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry
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  IANA registered language and country codes. Coherent with ISO codes but
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  frequently updates.
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http://www.ietf.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt
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  Tags for Identifying Languages (Best Current Practice).
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https://www.w3.org/International/articles/language-tags/
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  Language tags in HTML and XML.
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https://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-html-language-declarations
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  Declaring language in HTML.
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https://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-lang-why
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  Why use the language attribute?
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Including CSS and JS fragments and files
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========================================
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HTML 4.01 require ``type`` attribute in CSS and JS linking tags::
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  <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="path-to.css">
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  <style type="text/css">...</style>
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  <script type="text/javascript" src="abc.js"></script>
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  <script type="text/javascript">...</script>
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HTML 5 makes ``type`` attribute unnecessary when declaring or linking to
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external CSS / JS::
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  <link rel="stylesheet" href="path-to.css">
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  <style>...</style>
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  <script src="abc.js"></script>
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  <script>...</script>
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1998
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Quoting in HTML
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===============
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In HTML 5 attribute values only need to be quoted if they contain spaces or some
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non-alphanumeric characters.
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HTML 5 support
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==============
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http://html5please.com/
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  Look up HTML5, CSS3, etc features, know if they are ready for use, and if so
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  find out how you should use them – with polyfills, fallbacks or as they are.
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https://modernizr.com/
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  Modernizr tells you what HTML, CSS and JavaScript features the user’s browser
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  has to offer.
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http://caniuse.com/
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  Browser compatibility database of HTML 5 features.
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Embedding structural data
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=========================
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Example::
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  <div itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
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    My name is <span itemprop="name">Random Hacker</span>,
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    And I'm a <span itemprop="jobTitle">software developer</span>
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  </div>
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http://schema.org/
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  Schemas for structured data on the Internet, on web pages, in email messages,
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  and beyond.
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Video and audio support
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=======================
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HTML 5 add ``video`` and ``audio`` tags and corresponding JS API to support
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video and audio playback.
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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Supported_media_formats
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  Media formats supported by the HTML audio and video elements.
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https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/html5-audio-and-video-firefox
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  HTML5 audio and video widget in Firefox.
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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Web_Video_Text_Tracks_Format
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  Introduction to WebVTT.
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1040
f7d65dea956d Center an object.
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Center an object.
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=================
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To center block-level element::
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  <div style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; position: relative; width: 700px;">
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    <div>SOME</div>
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  </div>
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To center inline element::
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  <p style="text-align: center;">TEXT</p>
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Browser support.
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================
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* http://htmlbook.ru/
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* http://www.quirksmode.org/
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