author | Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com> |
Mon, 19 Oct 2015 17:04:52 +0300 | |
changeset 1769 | cadd23f8127f |
parent 1739 | 733104e6ad9a |
child 1859 | 048f61a3be91 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*- |
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Include common header with quick links.
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.. include:: HEADER.rst |
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====== |
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Apt. |
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====== |
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Fix: Has no 'contents::' directive.
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.. contents:: |
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Conf files. |
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=========== |
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apt_preferences(5).
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See man sources.list(5), apt.conf(5), apt_preferences(5). |
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``/etc/apt/sources.list``:: |
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deb http://ftp.debian.org.ua/debian/ stable main contrib non-free |
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deb http://ftp2.debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main contrib non-free |
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deb http://ftp2.debian.org.ua/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free |
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deb http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ experimental main contrib non-free |
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deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org testing main non-free |
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``/etc/apt/preferences``:: |
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/etc/apt/preferences
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Package: * |
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/etc/apt/preferences
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Pin: release a=stable |
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/etc/apt/preferences
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Pin-Priority: 800 |
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Package: * |
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Pin: release a=testing |
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Pin-Priority: 900 |
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Package: * |
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Pin: release a=unstable |
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Pin-Priority: 700 |
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Package: * |
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Pin: release a=experimental |
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Pin-Priority: 600 |
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Debian releases. |
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================ |
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Which package from witch release.
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Workflow:: |
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Which package from witch release.
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Which package from witch release.
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experimental → unstable (sid) → testing → stable |
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Which package from witch release:: |
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Which package from witch release.
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|
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Which package from witch release.
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$ aptitude search ~S~i~Astable |
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Which package from witch release.
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$ aptitude search ~S~i~Atesting |
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Which package from witch release.
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$ aptitude search ~S~i~Aunstable |
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Which package from witch release.
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$ aptitude search ~S~i~Aexperimental |
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* https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases |
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* https://wiki.debian.org/DebianOldStable |
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* https://wiki.debian.org/DebianStable |
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* https://wiki.debian.org/DebianTesting |
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* https://wiki.debian.org/DebianUnstable |
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* https://wiki.debian.org/DebianExperimental |
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||
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Setup backport. |
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=============== |
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Main backports archive located at http://www.backports.org. |
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To get packeges gpg sign key:: |
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$ su |
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... |
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$ wget -O - http://backports.org/debian/archive.key | apt-key add - |
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$ ^D |
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Write where packeges places:: |
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$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list |
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deb http://www.backports.org/debian/ etch-backports main contrib non-free |
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Getting new keys for packages. |
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============================== |
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:: |
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$ sudo apt-get update |
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... |
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W: There is no public key available for the following key IDs: |
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85 |
9AA38DCD55BE302B |
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W: GPG error: http://http.us.debian.org etch Release: The following signatures |
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couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY |
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88 |
9AA38DCD55BE302B |
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... |
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$ gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-key 9AA38DCD55BE302B \ |
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--keyserver-options http-proxy=http://user:pass@192.168.1.1:3128 |
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gpg: requesting key 55BE302B from hkp server pgp.mit.edu |
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gpg: key 55BE302B: public key "Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (5.0/lenny) <ftpmaster@debian.org>" imported |
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gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found |
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96 |
gpg: Total number processed: 1 |
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97 |
gpg: imported: 1 (RSA: 1) |
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99 |
$ gpg --export 9AA38DCD55BE302B | sudo apt-key add - |
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100 |
OK |
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101 |
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102 |
Install build dependency for package. |
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103 |
===================================== |
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104 |
:: |
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105 |
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106 |
$ apt-get install build-essential # install dev LIBC and GCC C/C++ |
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107 |
$ sudo apt-get build-dep $package |
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109 |
If all you want is checking what packages are needed to build a given package:: |
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111 |
$ apt-cache showsrc $package |
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113 |
or check 'Build-Depends' attribute in:: |
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115 |
$ apt-cache show $package |
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Delete config file for removed packages. |
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======================================== |
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Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
120 |
To get list of such packages use one of:: |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
121 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
122 |
$ aptitude search ~c |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
123 |
$ grep-status -n -sPackage -FStatus config-files |
baa1dd97c9e1
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Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
124 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
125 |
To remove them:: |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
126 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
127 |
$ aptitude purge ~c |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
128 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
129 |
Delete obsolete packages. |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
130 |
========================= |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
131 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
132 |
To get list of such packages use:: |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
133 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
134 |
$ aptitude search ~o |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
135 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
136 |
To remove them:: |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
137 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
138 |
$ aptitude purge ~o |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
139 |
|
1616
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1604
diff
changeset
|
140 |
To remove packages that were automatically installed to satisfy dependencies and |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
141 |
are now no longer needed:: |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
142 |
|
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
143 |
$ sudo apt-get autoremove |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
144 |
|
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
145 |
Clean up packages cache. |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
146 |
======================== |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1604
diff
changeset
|
147 |
|
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
148 |
Remove everything from ``/var/cache/apt/archives/`` and |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
149 |
``/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/``:: |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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150 |
|
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Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
151 |
$ sudo apt-get clean |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
152 |
|
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
153 |
Removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
154 |
useless:: |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
155 |
|
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
156 |
$ sudo apt-get autoclean |
1559575ac211
Clean up packages cache.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
157 |
|
1321
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
158 |
Check package files for modification. |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
159 |
===================================== |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
160 |
:: |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
161 |
|
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
162 |
$ sudo debsums --changed |
baa1dd97c9e1
Delete config file for removed packages. Delete obsolete packages. Check
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
163 |
|
1604
797a3ba1f9b5
Search for packages.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1460
diff
changeset
|
164 |
Search for packages. |
797a3ba1f9b5
Search for packages.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
165 |
==================== |
797a3ba1f9b5
Search for packages.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1460
diff
changeset
|
166 |
:: |
797a3ba1f9b5
Search for packages.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1460
diff
changeset
|
167 |
|
797a3ba1f9b5
Search for packages.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
168 |
$ aptitude search '?tag(works-with::logfile)' |
797a3ba1f9b5
Search for packages.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
169 |
|
1715
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
170 |
Find nearest mirror. |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
171 |
==================== |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
172 |
:: |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
173 |
|
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
174 |
$ sudo apt-get install netselect-apt |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
175 |
$ netselect-apt stable |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
176 |
$ netselect-apt testing |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
177 |
$ netselect-apt unstable |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
178 |
$ netselect-apt experimental |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
179 |
$ netselect-apt sid |
ec4088985c44
Find nearest mirror.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1616
diff
changeset
|
180 |
|
1730
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
181 |
Show dependency graph. |
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
182 |
====================== |
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
183 |
:: |
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
184 |
|
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
185 |
$ apt-cache dotty $PKG | dot -Tsvg >$PKG.svg && see $PKG.svg |
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
186 |
|
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
187 |
$ sudo apt-get install debtree |
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
188 |
$ debtree $PKG | dot -Tsvg >$PKG.svg && see $PKG.svg |
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1716
diff
changeset
|
189 |
|
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
190 |
$ sudo apt-get install apt-rdepends |
1732 | 191 |
$ apt-rdepends $PKG |
192 |
$ apt-rdepends -r $PKG |
|
1730
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Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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|
193 |
$ apt-rdepends -d $PKG | dot -Tsvg >$PKG.svg && see $PKG.svg |
1732 | 194 |
$ apt-rdepends -d -r $PKG | dot -Tsvg >$PKG.svg && see $PKG.svg |
1730
fc588b9ae857
Show dependency graph.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
195 |