author | Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com> |
Mon, 19 Oct 2015 17:04:52 +0300 | |
changeset 1769 | cadd23f8127f |
parent 1654 | f361c89e693f |
child 1905 | fba288d59662 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*- |
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Include common header with quick links.
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.. include:: HEADER.rst |
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======== |
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Emacs. |
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======== |
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.. contents:: |
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About. |
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====== |
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http://elpa.gnu.org/ |
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Packages for Emacs. This requires Emacs version 24.1 or |
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higher. |
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Getting help. |
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============= |
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* http://news.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.help |
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* http://news.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.announce |
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* http://news.gmane.org/gmane.emacs.auctex.announce |
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Installing Emacs. |
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================= |
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Official alpha build of GNU Emacs.
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http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/windows/ |
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Official alpha build of GNU Emacs.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
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|
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Clean GNU Emacs for 32-bit Windows. |
f98228108bb6
Official alpha build of GNU Emacs.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
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http://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/windows/ |
f98228108bb6
Official alpha build of GNU Emacs.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
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Official alpha build of GNU Emacs. |
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http://emacsformacosx.com/ |
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f98228108bb6
Official alpha build of GNU Emacs.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
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Clean GNU Emacs for Mac OS X. |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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Development. |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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============ |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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Variables. |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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---------- |
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Select one of:: |
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(set 'variable value) |
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(setq variable value) |
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(defvar variable value "documentation") |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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or file local:: |
a653ec78b1b8
Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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# Local variables: |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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# variable: value |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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# End: |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value. |
a653ec78b1b8
Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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changeset
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------------------------------------------------ |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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:: |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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(apropos-value "PATT") |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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(apropos-variable "PATT") |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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(apropos-function "PATT") |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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(apropos-library "PATT") |
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Find variable/function/feature by name or value.
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parents:
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(apropos-documentation "PATT") |
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Debugging. |
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========== |
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Evaluating elisp expression on the fly. |
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--------------------------------------- |
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Type ``M-:`` than lisp expression than type ``RET``. |
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Or in any buffer place point at the end of lisp expression and type ``C-x C-e``. |
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Or invoke elisp "shell" by ``M-x ielm``. |
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What functions and variables Emacs load and from which files? |
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------------------------------------------------------------- |
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See value of variable ``load-history`` (by C-h v load-history RET):: |
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symbol-file, http://stackoverflow.com/a/27755252/173149
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(symbol-file 'scheme 'provide) ; Who provide feature. |
f9aae584ecb4
symbol-file, http://stackoverflow.com/a/27755252/173149
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parents:
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(symbol-file 'nxml-mode-hook 'defvar) ; Where variable defined. |
f9aae584ecb4
symbol-file, http://stackoverflow.com/a/27755252/173149
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parents:
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(symbol-file 'message-send 'defun) ; Where function defined. |
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Look for symbol despite its type.
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(symbol-file 'scheme) ; Look for symbol despite its type. |
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load-history |
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(locate-library "gnus.el") |
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symbol-file, http://stackoverflow.com/a/27755252/173149
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parents:
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(find-lisp-object-file-name 'c-mode (symbol-function 'c-mode)) |
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Using edebug. |
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------------- |
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Execute ``M-x edebug-defun`` (also on ``C-u C-M-x``) on defun in source code to |
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enable debugging for desired function. When next time this function invoked |
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you entered to its debugging (jumped to its source code). |
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To start debug execute code which used debugged function. |
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You can disable edebug on a function by evaluating the function again using |
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``C-M-x``. |
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How debug func? |
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--------------- |
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Use M-x debug-on-entry and M-x cancel-debug-on-entry to control |
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which functions will enter the debugger when called. |
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When next time that function called automatically loaded debug-mode. |
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How to print a trace.
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You can use ``(debug)`` in your function to automatically enter to debugger. |
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How to print a trace.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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How to print a trace.
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You can use ``(backtrace)`` to print a trace of Lisp function. |
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How to print a trace.
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How debug ini file? |
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------------------- |
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When your ini has a bug, or when you load external files that cause errors, the |
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bug is often hard to find, because the Emacs Lisp reader does not know about |
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line numbers and files - it just knows an error happened, and that's it. |
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Try run Emacs with ``--debug-init`` to see backtrace. |
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How debug long running command? |
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------------------------------- |
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``M-x debug-on-quit RET`` and then just hit ``C-g`` next time it gets ``stuck`` |
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somewhere. |
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Check if bug in ini file not in Emacs itself. |
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--------------------------------------------- |
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First run Emacs without loading anything:: |
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$ emacs --no-init-file --no-site-file |
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or more shortly (as ``-Q`` imply ``-q``, ``--no-site-file``, and ``--no-splash`` |
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together):: |
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$ emacs -Q |
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If bug not reproduced bug lies in ini files! |
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Debug by binary search. |
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----------------------- |
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Select half of the file in a region, and M-x eval-region. Depending on whether |
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that causes the error or not, split this half or the other half again, and |
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repeat. |
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Simplified Binary Search. |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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Add (error ``No error until here``) in the middle of your file. If you get the |
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error ``No error until here`` when reloading the file, move the expression |
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towards the back of the file, otherwise towards the front of the file. |
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Elisp debug tips. |
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----------------- |
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* Use a keyboard macro that moves forward one expression (sexp) and evaluates |
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it. |
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* Try C-x check-parens. |
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Enable debug mode (also on loading). |
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------------------------------------ |
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Set in source:: |
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(setq debug-on-error t) |
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or invoke Emacs like:: |
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$ emacs --debug-init |
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where ``--debug-init`` binds ``debug-on-error`` to ``t`` while loading the init |
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file, and bypasses the ``condition-case`` which normally catches errors in the |
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init file. |
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Call tree. |
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---------- |
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Before byte compiling file execute:: |
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(setq byte-compile-generate-call-tree t) |
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Veiw buffer local variables. |
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---------------------------- |
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:: |
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(pp (buffer-local-variables)) |
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Emacs profiling. |
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================ |
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benchmark.el. |
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------------- |
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:: |
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(benchmark-run 1 (revert-buffer)) |
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(benchmark-run-compiled 1 (hi-lock-face-phrase-buffer "hello" 'hi-yellow)) |
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elp.el. |
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------- |
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Enter a prefix for ``M-x elp-instrument-package``, perform action and see result |
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by ``M-x elp-results``. To perform new measurement don't forget to run |
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``M-x elp-reset-all``. |
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WWW. |
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==== |
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Text based WWW browser. |
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----------------------- |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W3m |
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* http://emacs-w3m.namazu.org/ |
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* http://www.gnu.org/software/w3/ |
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Tricks. |
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======= |
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Sort and uniquify lines. |
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------------------------ |
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Select region, type ``C-u M-| sort -u RET``. |
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With transient-mark-mode and delete-selection-mode enabled: select region, |
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type M-| sort -u RET to replace selection with sorted and uniquified lines. |
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Determining running environment/platform. |
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========================================= |
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Check variables:: |
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emacs-major-version |
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emacs-minor-version |
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window-system - ``nil`` if in terminal, ``w32`` if native Windows build, ``x`` if under X Window |
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window-system-version - for windows only |
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window-size-fixed |
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operating-system-release - release of the operating system Emacs is running on |
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system-configuration - like configuration triplet: cpu-manufacturer-os |
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system-configuration-options |
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system-name - host name of the machine you are running on |
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system-time-locale |
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system-type - indicating the type of operating system you are using: |
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``gnu`` (GNU Hurd), |
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``gnu/linux``, |
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``gnu/kfreebsd``, ``berkeley-unix`` for (FreeBSD), |
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``darwin`` (GNU-Darwin, Mac OS X), |
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``ms-dos``, |
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``windows-nt``, |
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``cygwin`` |
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system-uses-terminfo |
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dynamic-library-alist or deprecated image-library-alist |
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- alist of image types vs external libraries needed to display them |
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and check functions:: |
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(fboundp ...) - return t if SYMBOL's function definition is not void |
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(featurep ...) - returns t if FEATURE is present in this Emacs |
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(display-graphic-p) - return non-nil if DISPLAY is a graphic display; graphical |
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displays are those which are capable of displaying several |
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frames and several different fonts at once |
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(display-multi-font-p) - same as ``display-graphic-p`` |
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(display-multi-frame-p) - same as ``display-graphic-p`` |
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(display-color-p) - return t if DISPLAY supports color |
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(display-images-p) - return non-nil if DISPLAY can display images |
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(display-grayscale-p) - return non-nil if frames on DISPLAY can display shades of gray |
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(display-mouse-p) - return non-nil if DISPLAY has a mouse available |
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(display-popup-menus-p) - return non-nil if popup menus are supported on DISPLAY |
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(display-selections-p) - return non-nil if DISPLAY supports selections |
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Run those checks as below:: |
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(when window-system ...) |
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(when (eq window-system 'x) ...) |
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(when (>= emacs-major-version 22) ...) |
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(when (fboundp '...) ...) |
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(when (featurep '...) ...) |
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Compiling emacs. |
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================ |
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Windows. |
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-------- |
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Get MSYS for POSIX shell and utilities . Get MinGW for GCC. Get Gnuwin32 for |
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jpeg, ungif, tiff, xpm, png, zlib libraries. |
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Read emacs/nt/INSTALL:: |
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$ cmd |
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$ cd emacs\nt |
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$ configure.bat --prefix %INST_ROOT% --with-gcc --cflags -I%GNUWIN32_ROOT%/include --ldflags -L%GNUWIN32_ROOT%/lib --ldflags -lregex |
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$ make bootstrap |
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$ make info |
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$ make install |
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Documentation. |
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============== |
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Elisp documentation. |
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-------------------- |
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:: |
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;;; <file-name>.el --- <one-line-description> |
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;; Copyright (C) <years> <person> |
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;; Author: <person> <mail> |
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;; Maintainer: <person> <mail> |
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;; Created: <date> |
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;; Version: <version> |
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;; Keywords: <look for ``finder-by-keyword`` output, separate by comma> |
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;; URL: <file-location> |
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;;; Commentary: |
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<bla-bla-bla> |
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;;; Code: |
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<lisp-code> |
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;;; <file-name> ends here |
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See |
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* http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/elisp-manual/html_node/Library-Headers.html |
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* http://www.emacswiki.org/cgi-bin/wiki/ElispAreaConventions |
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CheckDoc. |
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--------- |
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CheckDoc checks your EmacsLisp code for errors in documentation and style. |
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http://cedet.sourceforge.net/checkdoc.shtml |
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home page before including it into GNU Emacs |
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http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/CheckDoc |
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CheckDoc |
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Installing Emacs. |
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================= |
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From sources. |
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------------- |
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* http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs |
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Windows. |
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-------- |
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http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/emacs/windows |
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Releases for Windows. |
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http://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/emacs/windows |
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Beta releases for Windows. |
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Debian. |
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------- |
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:: |
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$ apt-get install emacs |
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Emacs paths. |
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============ |
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:: |
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source-directory data-directory doc-directory exec-directory |
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invocation-directory trash-directory tutorial-directory user-emacs-directory |
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widget-image-directory |
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Emacs games. |
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============ |
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:: |
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hanoi hanoi-unix life pong tetris gomoku |
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Long lines. |
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=========== |
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:: |
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(setq longlines-show-hard-newlines t) |
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(setq longlines-wrap-follows-window-size t) |
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(longlines-mode 1) |
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Printing Emacs structures. |
|
380 |
========================== |
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1477 | 381 |
:: |
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383 |
(message "%S" '(a b 123 "hello" 'set)) |
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384 |
(pp '(a b 123 "hello" 'set)) |
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(prin1-to-string '(1 2)) |
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(symbol-name 'f) |
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(symbol-value 'f) |
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(symbol-function 'f) |
|
390 |
(symbol-plist 'f) |
|
391 |
||
1143
3a3389b22964
(local-variable-p var buffer)
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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changeset
|
392 |
(local-variable-p var buffer) |
3a3389b22964
(local-variable-p var buffer)
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
1142
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changeset
|
393 |
|
1142 | 394 |
File manager. |
395 |
============= |
|
396 |
||
1477 | 397 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/Sunrise_Commander |
1142 | 398 |
|
399 |
Semantic. |
|
400 |
========= |
|
401 |
||
402 |
semantic-lex-spp-describe |
|
403 |
Describe the current list of spp macros. |
|
404 |
semantic-lex-c-preprocessor-symbol-file |
|
405 |
List of C/C++ files that contain preprocessor macros for the C lexer. |
|
406 |
||
407 |
Debugging C code. |
|
408 |
================= |
|
1477 | 409 |
:: |
1142 | 410 |
|
411 |
-*- mode: grep; mode: auto-revert-tail; default-directory: "~/devel/proj" -*- |
|
412 |
||
413 |
XML modes. |
|
414 |
========== |
|
415 |
||
416 |
XSLT-process. |
|
417 |
------------- |
|
418 |
||
419 |
XSLT-process is a minor mode for GNU Emacs/XEmacs which transforms it into a powerful editor with |
|
420 |
XSLT processing and debugging capabilities. |
|
421 |
||
422 |
The mode currently supports two Java XSLT processors: |
|
423 |
||
424 |
* Saxon - fully supported, including debugging capabilities. |
|
425 |
* Xalan - fully supported, including debugging capabilities. |
|
426 |
||
427 |
http://xslt-process.sourceforge.net/ |
|
428 |
home page |
|
429 |
||
430 |
Useful program logging. |
|
431 |
======================= |
|
432 |
||
433 |
Put first line to your log file, you must replace ``default-directory`` to dir where you build |
|
434 |
program:: |
|
435 |
||
436 |
-*- mode: compilation-minor; mode: auto-revert-tail; default-directory: "~/devel/proj" -*- |
|
437 |
||
438 |
Program must use one of supported by ``compilation-minor-mode`` (see |
|
439 |
``compilation-error-regexp-alist``), like:: |
|
440 |
||
441 |
printf(__FILE__ ":%d: %s\n", __LINE__, msg); /* msg - user defined string */ |
|
442 |
||
443 |
or in second form (in this case line number included in format string, so easy searchable in |
|
444 |
debugger):: |
|
445 |
||
446 |
#define NUM2STR(x) STR(x) |
|
447 |
#define STR(x) #x |
|
448 |
||
449 |
printf(__FILE__ ":" NUM2STR(__LINE__) ": %s\n", msg); |
|
450 |
||
451 |
Or some faster use ``grep-mode``, but you restricted with GNU like error format:: |
|
452 |
||
453 |
-*- mode: grep; mode: auto-revert-tail; default-directory: "~/devel/proj" -*- |
|
454 |
||
455 |
Edit HTML. |
|
456 |
========== |
|
457 |
||
458 |
* psgml-mode |
|
459 |
* nxml-mode |
|
460 |
* sgml-mode |
|
461 |
||
462 |
html-helper-mode. |
|
463 |
----------------- |
|
464 |
||
465 |
Highlighting, autocompletion, and auto-insertion of closing tags. |
|
466 |
||
1477 | 467 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/HtmlHelperMode |
468 |
* http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/baol-hth/ |
|
469 |
* http://www.nongnu.org/baol-hth/ |
|
1142 | 470 |
|
471 |
Source. |
|
472 |
======= |
|
473 |
||
474 |
Get main development sources:: |
|
475 |
||
476 |
$ bzr init-repo --2a emacs |
|
477 |
$ cd emacs |
|
478 |
$ bzr branch http://bzr.savannah.gnu.org/r/emacs/trunk trunk |
|
479 |
$ cd trunk |
|
480 |
$ bzr bind http://bzr.savannah.gnu.org/r/emacs/trunk |
|
481 |
||
482 |
To update with latest changes:: |
|
483 |
||
484 |
$ cd emacs/trunk |
|
485 |
$ bzr update |
|
486 |
||
487 |
See: |
|
488 |
||
1477 | 489 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/BzrForEmacsDevs |
1142 | 490 |
|
491 |
Emacs Git mirror. |
|
492 |
----------------- |
|
493 |
||
1477 | 494 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EmacsFromGit |
1142 | 495 |
|
496 |
Patch. |
|
497 |
====== |
|
498 |
||
499 |
http://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=5719 |
|
500 |
[patch] fix bat-generic-mode highlighting pattern for CLI |
|
501 |
switch. |
|
502 |
||
503 |
How report bug. |
|
504 |
=============== |
|
505 |
||
1477 | 506 |
Visit http://debbugs.gnu.org or ``M-x report-emacs-bug``. |
1142 | 507 |
|
508 |
Finding emacs packages. |
|
509 |
======================= |
|
510 |
||
511 |
* http://anc.ed.ac.uk/~stephen/emacs/ell.html |
|
512 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/WikifiedEmacsLispList |
|
513 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/RationalElispPackaging |
|
514 |
||
515 |
http://tromey.com/elpa/index.html |
|
516 |
Emacs Lisp Package Archive |
|
517 |
||
518 |
||
519 |
EPLA. |
|
520 |
----- |
|
521 |
||
522 |
ELPA goal is to make it simple to install, use, and upgrade Emacs Lisp packages. |
|
523 |
||
524 |
Currently (2011-02-15) available such sources:: |
|
525 |
||
526 |
(setq package-archives '(("ELPA" . "http://tromey.com/elpa/") |
|
527 |
("gnu" . "http://elpa.gnu.org/packages/") |
|
528 |
("marmalade" . "http://marmalade-repo.org/packages/") |
|
529 |
)) |
|
530 |
||
531 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/ELPA |
|
532 |
* http://marmalade-repo.org/ |
|
533 |
||
534 |
http://elpa.gnu.org/ |
|
535 |
official GNU Emacs Lisp Package Archive |
|
536 |
http://tromey.com/elpa/ |
|
537 |
old Emacs Lisp Package Archive home page |
|
538 |
http://tromey.com/elpa/upload.html |
|
539 |
how to contribute |
|
540 |
||
541 |
Emacswiki. |
|
542 |
---------- |
|
543 |
||
1477 | 544 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/ElispArea |
545 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/WikifiedEmacsLispList |
|
1142 | 546 |
|
547 |
emacsmirror. |
|
548 |
------------ |
|
549 |
||
1477 | 550 |
* https://github.com/emacsmirror/p/wiki |
551 |
* http://www.emacsmirror.org/ |
|
552 |
* http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/Emacsmirror |
|
1142 | 553 |
|
554 |
Funny Emacs modes. |
|
555 |
================== |
|
556 |
||
557 |
glasses |
|
558 |
Minor mode for making identifiers likeThis readable. |
|
559 |
||
560 |
Useful commands. |
|
561 |
================ |
|
562 |
:: |
|
563 |
||
564 |
flush-lines keep-lines |
|
565 |
align-regexp |
|
566 |
C-x C-o |
|
567 |
M-PageUp/M-PageDown |
|
568 |
command-history |
|
569 |
M-= |
|
570 |
C-x l |
|
571 |
locate-library find-library |
|
572 |
features load-history |
|
573 |