devel-versioning.rst
author Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
Fri, 21 Oct 2011 00:47:10 +0300
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Stop your VCS hook to update version!
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.. -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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=================
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 Version format.
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=================
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.. contents::
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Feature set versioning.
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=======================
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Feature set versioning pretend to show how serious changes made according to
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feature availability and how compatible these versions.
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Marketing versioning.
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=====================
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1007
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Marketing versioning schema used for marketing, advertising, branding purpose.
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It is usually inconsistent and can changed over the time.
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Examples of marketing version schema:
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 * Years.
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 * Ancient gods.
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 * Star/satellite/galactic names.
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Look thread for GDB:
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  http://www.cygwin.com/ml/gdb/2007-07/msg00061.html
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There discussed:
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 * Is it essential to update major version if significant change made for
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   licence? Answer: NO!
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   GPLv3 is a big deal spread out over the whole GNU project, but not a big deal
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   for GDB in particular.
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 * Is it right follow date version schema regardless major changes? Answer: NO!
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   Many OS distribution encode year in versions but versions does not present
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   featureset but package set instead.
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Year as version name.
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---------------------
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If year used as version some people can decide that 2005 is too old and broken
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if it used in 2007. So companies release product by leading year number. So in
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2007 they release 2008 version.
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Version name components.
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 * major
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 * minor
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 * patch (patchlevel), micro
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 * rev (revision)
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 * build
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 * date
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 * hotfix, fix
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Version components usually combined in such group::
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  major.minor.build
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  major.minor.date
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  major.minor.hotfix
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  major.minor.hotfix.build
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  major.minor.rev
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  major.minor.rev.build
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  major.current.age
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Its conventional to have at least a major and minor number.
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Prefixing version with a "v" seems to be less common.
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Major version component.
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1007
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Major number change means that fundamental change made in the architecture of
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the system the new version is incompatible with the old one, upgrade between
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versions is non-trivial, and any dependent of the prior version will require
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code changes to upgrade to the new package.
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Major number rare changed (this can take a lot of year).
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Minor version component.
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Minor number change means that the new version is backward compatible with the
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previous version but has significant enhancements over the previous version
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(like new functionality or changed UI).
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1004
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Functional enhancement releases. Contain new or significantly changed
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functionality and/or layout.
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New releases are usually only published several times a year or less.
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Revision, micro, bugfix version component.
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------------------------------------------
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1007
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Revision number is updated whenever a bugfix or security patche is applied to
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the build such that it doesn't bring a compatibility change or introduce newer
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features.
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1004
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Patches are released frequently (sometimes daily).
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Milestone markers.
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------------------
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 * a (alpha) means new development is complete and code checkins are frozen.
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   Alpha builds should work well enough to be testable.
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 * b (beta) means most severe bugs are fixed and end users can start trying the
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   release.
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 * rc (release candidate) are believed to meet all of the criteria for release
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   and can be installed on test instances of production systems.
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947
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Release build version data.
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===========================
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 * Build number.
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 * Build date.
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 * Build version.
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 * Branch-tag used.
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 * Overnight build (Y/N).
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 * QA tested (Y/N).
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 * QA test results (Pass/Fail).
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 * Location of full logs.
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Stop your VCS hook to update version!
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=====================================
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Don't update version without human decision.
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Why do not do this on success build:
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 * You can have several build machine which may concurrently update version.
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 * There not exist tools for easy querying for status of build (as ok/fail,
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   build configuration, date, coverage, lint checks, etc).
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 * Some part of development team may not have permission for bumping version and
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   after build they must revert some automatically updated files.
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Why do not do this from pre-/post-commit hooks:
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 * Some changes can only partially introduce feature/bugfix.
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Version ordering formula.
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=========================
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Strongly recommend:
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 * Numbers are not decimal fractions. They are integers separated by delimiters.
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 * Only offically released versions of the program get version numbers.
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   Development snapshots don't. Nor do test releases.
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 * If the last component is zero, it may be omitted. Do not distinguish version
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   X.Y from version X.Y.0.
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 * Avoid using anything other than numbers in version numbers.
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Debian version ordering formula.
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--------------------------------
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TODO
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Semver version ordering formula.
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--------------------------------
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if (A.major != B.major) return A.major > B.major;
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if (A.minor != B.minor) return A.minor > B.minor;
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if (A.patch != B.patch) return A.patch > B.patch;
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if (A.special == B.special) return 0;
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if (A.special == "") return 1;
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if (B.special == "") return -1;
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return A.special > B.special;
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**NOTE** Accoding to this definition 1.0.1rc1 < 1.0.1rc10 < 1.0.1rc2 which is
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non meaningful.
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Odd/even numbering.
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-------------------
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Who use:
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  GLib GTK+ Gimp GNOME Kaffe
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1008
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Forms of compatibility.
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=======================
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4ddb673763e6 Forms of compatibility.
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Runtime of binary compatibility mean that binary can be swaped with another
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version without breaking.
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4ddb673763e6 Forms of compatibility.
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Compile time or source compatibility mean that supplied header/interfaces allow
4ddb673763e6 Forms of compatibility.
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successful compiling/linking.
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1009
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Examples:
1008
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 * Change type of argument in method to more generic take source compatibility
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   but break binary compatibility.
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 * Adding new mothod to abstract class take binary compatibility but break
4ddb673763e6 Forms of compatibility.
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   compilation (unimplement method error).
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File format compatibility.
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Protocol compatibility.
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Compatibility formula.
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======================
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Assume that app linked with new version of lib. Thus::
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  is_compatible_with_old(old, new) {
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    if (old.major != new.major) return 0;
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    if (old.minor > new.minor) return 0;
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    return 1;
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  }
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Assume that app linked with old version of lib. Thus::
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  is_compatible_with_new(old, new) {
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    if (old.major != new.major) return 0;
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    return 1;
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  }
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Reference.
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==========
c1264ffd1a37 Toolkit version format
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  https://developer.mozilla.org/en/toolkit_version_format
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                Toolkit version format
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  http://apr.apache.org/versioning.html
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                APR's Version Numbering
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  http://semver.org/
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                Semantic Versioning
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