1 -*- mode: outline; coding: utf-8 -*-

     2 

     3 * Numbers everyone should know.

     4 

     5  * L1 cache reference 0.5 ns

     6  * Branch mispredict 5 ns

     7  * L2 cache reference 7 ns

     8  * Mutex lock/unlock 100 ns

     9  * Main memory reference 100 ns

    10  * Compress 1K bytes with Zippy 10,000 ns

    11  * Send 2K bytes over 1 Gbps network 20,000 ns

    12  * Read 1 MB sequentially from memory 250,000 ns

    13  * Round trip within same datacenter 500,000 ns

    14  * Disk seek 10,000,000 ns

    15  * Read 1 MB sequentially from network 10,000,000 ns

    16  * Read 1 MB sequentially from disk 30,000,000 ns

    17  * Send packet CA->Netherlands->CA 150,000,000 ns