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−.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
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−
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−=========
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− Malware
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−=========
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−.. contents::
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−   :local:
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−
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−About malware
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−=============
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−
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−Malware (malicious software) is software designed to infiltrate a computer
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−system without the owner's informed consent.
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−
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−Virus
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−=====
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−
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−Program that has infected some executable software and that causes that
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−software, when run, to spread the virus to other executable software.
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−
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−Viruses may also contain a payload that performs other actions, often
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−malicious.
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−
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−Worm
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−====
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−
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−Worm is a program that actively transmits itself over a network to infect
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−other computers.
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−
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−Worms may also contain a payload that performs other actions, often malicious.
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−
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−Trojan horses
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−=============
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−
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−Trojan horse is any program that invites the user to run it, concealing a
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−harmful or malicious payload.
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−
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−One of the most common ways that spyware is distributed is as a Trojan horse,
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−bundled with a piece of desirable software that the user downloads from the
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−Internet.
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−
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−Rootkits
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−========
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−
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−Rootkit is a program which modifying the host operating system so that the
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−malware is hidden from the user.
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−
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−Rootkits can prevent a malicious process from being visible.
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−
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−Backdoors
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−=========
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−
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−A backdoor is a method of bypassing normal authentication procedures. Once a
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−system has been compromised, one or more backdoors may be installed in order
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−to allow easier access in the future.
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−
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−Spyware
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−=======
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−
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−Spyware is a type of malware that is installed on computers and collects
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−information about users without their knowledge.
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−
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−The presence of spyware is typically hidden from the user.
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−
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−Sometimes, spywares such as keyloggers are installed by the owner of a shared,
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−corporate or public computer on purpose in order to secretly monitor other
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−users.
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−
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−Adware
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−======
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−
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−Adware or advertising-supported software is any software package which
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−automatically plays, displays, or downloads advertisements to a computer after
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−the software is installed on it or while the application is being used.
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−
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−Botnets
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−=======
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−
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−
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−Keystroke loggers
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−=================
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−
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−Malware programs install a key logger, which intercepts the user's keystrokes
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−when entering a password, credit card number, or other information that may be
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−exploited. These are then transmitted to the malware creator.
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−
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−Dialers
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−=======
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−
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−Electronic device that is connected to a telephone line to monitor the dialed
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−numbers and alter them to seamlessly provide services that otherwise require
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−lengthy access codes to be dialed.
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−
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−Screen scrapers
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−===============
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−
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−
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−Phishing
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−========
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−