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* Cowboy coding.

Software development where the developers have autonomy over the development
process.

No external management or management that controls only non-development
aspects of the project, such as its nature, scope, and feature set. (The
"what", but not the "how").

See:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowboy_coding

* Waterfall model.

The waterfall model is a sequential development process, in which development
is seen as flowing steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases of
requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing (validation),
integration, and maintenance.

В оригинальной модели водопада Ройса фазы идут в таком порядке:

  1. Определение требований
  2. Проектирование
  3. Конструирование (также «реализация» либо «кодирование»)
  4. Интеграция
  5. Тестирование и отладка (также «верификация»)
  6. Инсталляция
  7. Поддержка

See:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterfall_model

* Spiral model.

The spiral model is a software development process combining elements of both
design and prototyping-in-stages, in an effort to combine advantages of
top-down and bottom-up concepts.

This model of development combines the features of the prototyping model and
the waterfall model. The spiral model is intended for large, expensive and
complicated projects.

See:

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_model