+
−.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
+
−
+
−============
+
− Laser disk
+
−============
+
−.. contents::
+
−   :local:
+
−
+
−What best DVD-R or DVD+R?
+
−=========================
+
−
+
−The DVD-R format was developed by Pioneer in 1997 vc DVD+R in 2002 by Sony.
+
−
+
−DVD+R format was not an official DVD format until January 25, 2008.
+
−
+
−DVD-R(W) and DVD+R(W) format are incompatible.
+
−
+
−DVD-R(W) use amplitude modulation, DVD+R(W) use phase modulation, so more reliable.
+
−
+
−On multi-session DVD-R(W) disk any session take up to 96 MB in time on DVD+R(W)
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−every session take exactly 2 MB.
+
−
+
−DVD+R(W) win!
+
−
+
−See
+
−
+
−* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD-R
+
−* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD%2BR
+
−
+
−What capacity of DVD?
+
−=====================
+
−
+
−+----------+-------------------------------------------+
+
−|          |                Capacity                   |
+
−+  Type    +-----------+---------------+------+--------+
+
−|          | sectors   | bytes         | GB   |  GiB   |
+
−|          | 2,048B    |               |      |        |
+
−+----------+-----------+---------------+------+--------+
+
−|DVD-R (SL)| 2,298,496 | 4,707,319,808 | 4.7  |  4.384 |
+
−|DVD+R (SL)| 2,295,104 | 4,700,372,992 | 4.7  |  4.378 |
+
−|DVD-R DL  | 4,171,712 | 8,543,666,176 | 8.5  |  7.957 |
+
−|DVD+R DL  | 4,173,824 | 8,547,991,552 | 8.5  |  7.961 |
+
−+----------+-----------+---------------+------+--------+
+
−
+
−Vendor
+
−======
+
−
+
−** Verbatim.
+
−
+
−Archival Grade CD & DVD - for store critical data.
+
−
+
−* http://www.verbatim.ru
+
−* http://www.verbatim.com/optical/archival/
+
−
+
−** TDK.
+
−
+
−* http://www.tdk-media.com
+
−
+
−** Intenso.
+
−
+
−* http://www.intenso.de
+
−
+
−* Lifetime.
+
−
+
−What is the life expectancy of a CD-R?
+
−======================================
+
−
+
−Approximately 100 years under proper storage conditions (from TDK support).
+
−
+
−* http://www.cd-info.com/archiving/
+
−
+
−How many times can I rewrite to a CD-RW?
+
−========================================
+
−
+
−A CD-RW disc can be erased and rewritten up to a 1,000 times. Reliability and
+
−performance will not decrease, even as the number of rewrites increase.
+
−
+
−Make an ISO image
+
−=================
+
−::
+
−
+
−  $ dd if=/dev/dvd of=dvd.iso  # for dvd
+
−  $ dd if=/dev/cdrom of=cd.iso # for cdrom
+
−  $ dd if=/dev/scd0 of=cd.iso  # if cdrom is scsi
+
−
+
−  $ mkisofs -o /tmp/cd.iso /tmp/directory/ # from file hierarchy
+
−
+
−Burning tools
+
−=============
+
−
+
−** cdrtools.
+
−
+
−In 2006 build system of cdrtools changed and have CDDL, which incomputable
+
−with GPL.
+
−
+
−See
+
−
+
−* http://cdrecord.berlios.de/private/cdrecord.html
+
−* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrecord
+
−
+
−** cdrkit.
+
−
+
−Fully GPL alternative for cdrtools. Includes:
+
−
+
−* wodim (an acronym for write optical disk media), which was forked from the cdrecord program in
+
−  cdrtools.
+
−* icedax (an acronym for incredible digital audio extractor), which was forked from the cdda2wav
+
−  program in cdrtools.
+
−* genisoimage (short for generate ISO image), which was forked from the mkisofs program in
+
−  cdrtools.
+
−
+
−See
+
−
+
−* http://www.cdrkit.org/
+
−* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrkit
+
−
+
−Installing under Debian::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo apt-get install wodim genisoimage
+
−
+
−Cygwin (cdrecord is symlink to wodim, mkisofs is symlink to genisoimage, cdrkit contain only
+
−READMY)::
+
−
+
−  $ setup.exe -p cdrkit,wodim,genisoimage
+
−
+
−Make iso image::
+
−
+
−  $ genisoimage -A "<info>" -gui -J -R -o <img-file> <dir1> <dir2> ...
+
−
+
−<info> is up to 128 bytes. -J adds Joliet directory records wich useful on
+
−Windows. -R adds the Rock Ridge protocol.
+
−
+
−To test your image mount it (on Linux)::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro <img-file> <mnt-point>
+
−
+
−Burn iso image
+
−==============
+
−
+
−cdrskin
+
−-------
+
−::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo apt-get install cdrskin
+
−
+
−See:
+
−
+
−* http://scdbackup.sourceforge.net/cdrskin_eng.html
+
−* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrskin
+
−
+
−xorriso
+
−-------
+
−
+
−xorriso copies file objects from POSIX compliant filesystems into Rock Ridge
+
−enhanced ISO 9660 filesystems and allows session-wise manipulation of such
+
−filesystems. It can load the management information of existing ISO images and
+
−it writes the session results to optical media or to filesystem objects.
+
−
+
−Vice versa xorriso is able to restore file objects from ISO 9660 filesystems.
+
−
+
−* http://scdbackup.webframe.org/xorriso_eng.html
+
−* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/xorriso
+
−
+
−ImgBurn
+
−-------
+
−
+
−ImgBurn is a lightweight CD / DVD / HD DVD / Blu-ray burning application that
+
−everyone should have in their toolkit!
+
−
+
−For Windows 95/98/2000/XP/Vista/2008/7, work in Wine under Linux.
+
−
+
−http://www.imgburn.com/
+
−  home page
+
−
+
−CDBurnerXP
+
−----------
+
−
+
−Это бесплатная программа для записи CD и DVD, Blu-Ray и HD-DVD дисков. Она
+
−поддерживает запись и создание ISO-образов.
+
−
+
−For Windows XP/Vista/2008/7. Require .NET >= version 2.0.
+
−
+
−http://www.cdburnerxp.se/ru/home
+
−  home page
+
−
+
−MDF to ISO
+
−==========
+
−::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo apt-get install mdf2iso
+
−  $ mdf2iso $IN.mdf
+
−
+
−NRG to ISO
+
−==========
+
−::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo apt-get install nrg2iso
+
−  $ nrg2iso  $IN.nrg $OUT.iso