.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-=========== Smartcard===========.. contents:: :local:Standards for smartcards========================* FIPS 201.* NIST SP 800-78 (Cryptographic Algorithms and Key Sizes for PIV).* X.509 Certificate for Digital Signature.* X.509 Certificate for Key Management.* X.509 Certificate for Card Authentication.* Card Capability Container.* Cardholder Unique Identifier.* X.509 Certificate for PIV Authentication.* Cardholder Fingerprints.* Security Object.* Cardholder Facial Image.* Printed Information.United States federal government standard that specifies Personal IdentityVerification (PIV) requirements for Federal employees and contractors.* http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/piv/index.html* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIPS_201Driver for smartcards=====================Windows:http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/input/smartcard/default.mspx Smart Card Devices - Architecture and Driver Supporthttp://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/input/smartcard/usb_ccid.mspx Microsoft Class Drivers for USB CCID Smart Cardshttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee484819.aspx USB CCID Smart Card Reader Class Driver with Windows Embedded CE 6.0 R2, Windows Embedded CESmart Card Minidriver:http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/input/smartcard/sc-minidriver.mspx Smart Card Minidriver Specificationhttp://support.microsoft.com/kb/976832 Error message when you insert a smart card in a reader on a Windows 7-based or Windows Server 2008 R2-based computer: "Device driver software was not successfully installed"