-*- outline -*-

* What best DVD-R or DVD+R?

The DVD-R format was developed by Pioneer in 1997 vc DVD+R in 2002 by Sony.

DVD+R format was not an official DVD format until January 25, 2008.

DVD-R(W) and DVD+R(W) format are incompatible.

DVD-R(W) use amplitude modulation, DVD+R(W) use phase modulation, so more reliable.

On multi-session DVD-R(W) disk any session take up to 96 MB in time on DVD+R(W)
every session take exactly 2 MB.

DVD+R(W) win!

See

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD-R
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD%2BR

* What capacity of DVD?

+----------+-------------------------------------------+
|          |                Capacity                   |
+  Type    +-----------+---------------+------+--------+
|          | sectors   | bytes         | GB   |  GiB   |
|          | 2,048B    |               |      |        |
+----------+-----------+---------------+------+--------+
|DVD-R (SL)| 2,298,496 | 4,707,319,808 | 4.7  |  4.384 |
|DVD+R (SL)| 2,295,104 | 4,700,372,992 | 4.7  |  4.378 |
|DVD-R DL  | 4,171,712 | 8,543,666,176 | 8.5  |  7.957 |
|DVD+R DL  | 4,173,824 | 8,547,991,552 | 8.5  |  7.961 |
+----------+-----------+---------------+------+--------+

* Vendor.

** Verbatim.

Archival Grade CD & DVD - for store critical data.

  http://www.verbatim.ru
  http://www.verbatim.com/optical/archival/

** TDK.

  http://www.tdk-media.com

** Intenso.

  http://www.intenso.de

* Lifetime.

** CD.

*** What is the life expectancy of a CD-R?

Approximately 100 years under proper storage conditions (from TDK support).

  http://www.cd-info.com/archiving/

*** How many times can I rewrite to a CD-RW?

A CD-RW disc can be erased and rewritten up to a 1,000 times. Reliability and
performance will not decrease, even as the number of rewrites increase.

** DVD.

* Make an ISO image.

  $ dd if=/dev/dvd of=dvd.iso  # for dvd
  $ dd if=/dev/cdrom of=cd.iso # for cdrom
  $ dd if=/dev/scd0 of=cd.iso  # if cdrom is scsi

  $ mkisofs -o /tmp/cd.iso /tmp/directory/ # from file hierarchy

* Burning tools.

** cdrtools.

In 2006 build system of cdrtools changed and have CDDL, which incomputable
with GPL.

See

  http://cdrecord.berlios.de/private/cdrecord.html
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrecord

** cdrkit.

Fully GPL alternative for cdrtools. Includes:

 * wodim (an acronym for write optical disk media), which was forked from the cdrecord program in
   cdrtools.
 * icedax (an acronym for incredible digital audio extractor), which was forked from the cdda2wav
   program in cdrtools.
 * genisoimage (short for generate ISO image), which was forked from the mkisofs program in
   cdrtools.

See

  http://www.cdrkit.org/
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrkit

*** Installing.

Debian:

  $ sudo apt-get install wodim genisoimage

Cygwin (cdrecord is symlink to wodim, mkisofs is symlink to genisoimage, cdrkit contain only
READMY):

  $ setup.exe -p cdrkit,wodim,genisoimage

*** Make iso image.

  $ genisoimage -A "<info>" -gui -J -R -o <img-file> <dir1> <dir2> ...

<info> is up to 128 bytes. -J adds Joliet directory records wich useful on
Windows. -R adds the Rock Ridge protocol.

To test your image mount it (on Linux):

  $ sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro <img-file> <mnt-point>

*** Burn iso image.

** cdrskin.

See

  http://scdbackup.sourceforge.net/cdrskin_eng.html
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cdrskin

*** Installing.

  $ sudo apt-get install cdrskin

** xorriso.

xorriso copies file objects from POSIX compliant filesystems into Rock Ridge
enhanced ISO 9660 filesystems and allows session-wise manipulation of such
filesystems. It can load the management information of existing ISO images and
it writes the session results to optical media or to filesystem objects.

Vice versa xorriso is able to restore file objects from ISO 9660 filesystems.

See

  http://scdbackup.webframe.org/xorriso_eng.html
  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/xorriso