Fix RST syntsx.
.. -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
====
X.
====
.. contents::
Standard.
=========
See
http://www.tronche.com/gui/x/icccm/
Widget toolkit.
===============
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widget_toolkit
Widget toolkit
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_widget_toolkits
List of widget toolkits
GTK+.
-----
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GTK%2B
QT.
---
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_%28toolkit%29
WxWidgets.
----------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxWidgets
Tk.
---
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tk_%28computing%29
FLTK.
-----
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLTK
Xaw.
----
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaw
GNUstep.
--------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNUstep
XView.
------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XView
Getting info about X window and X-related applications data.
============================================================
Look for system registered resources::
$ listres
$ listres -all
$ appres XTerm
$ appres -name htop # for xterm with running bash inside
Look for X resources of running applications::
$ xprop -root
$ xprop -name bash # for xterm with running bash inside
Keyboard's keys under X window.
===============================
scancodes
hardware-dependent codes generated by keystrokes and received by
the X server.
keycodes
Codes sent by the X server to the client indicating which key
was pressed. Keycodes by themselves do not indicate what the
keystroke means; the client must request that information from
the X server.
modifiers
Flags, such as ``shift`` and ``control``, that the server sends
with each keycode to the client. The client's interpretation of
the keycode may depend on the state of the modifiers. For
example, the state of the shift modifier determines whether an
alphabetic character should be lowercase or uppercase. Because
the X server encodes the states of the eight modifiers (shift,
lock, control, mod1, mod2, mod3, mod4, and mod5) in a single
byte of data, modifiers are often referred to as ``modifier
bits``.
keysyms
codes that specify the glyphs appearing on the keys. The X
server also maintains a list of strings that describe the
keysyms, such as ``a``, ``B``, and ``Control``.
Find the keycode.
=================
::
$ xev
$ cat /usr/include/X11/keysymdef.h
Don't run under X::
$ showkey
To do same under X::
$ xev | sed -n 's=.*keycode \([0-9]*\).*=\1=p'
List key modifier::
$ xmodmap -pm
Add keycode to modifier::
$ xmodmap -e "add shift = Shift_R"
Remove keycode from modifier::
$ xmodmap -e "remove shift = Shift_L"
Examining the current keymap table::
$ xmodmap -pk
Changing the keymap table::
$ xmodmap -e "keycode 34 = bracketleft braceleft"
$ xmodmap -e "keysym CapsLock = Control_L"
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LaptopTesting/Keycodes
Ubuntu Keycodes howto.
http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Multimedia_Keys
Gentoo Multimedia Keys howto.
List input devices.
===================
::
$ xinput -list
You can use obtained ID in such command::
$ setxkbmap -device $ID -layout dvorak
Making screenshort.
===================
::
$ sudo apt-get install scrot
$ scrot -d <sec> <file>
or::
$ sudo apt-get install imagemagic
$ import -quality 100 -pause <sec> -silent <file>
Input method.
=============
Input method by setxkbmap.
--------------------------
::
$ setxkbmap ru
$ setxkbmap -rules xorg -model pc104 -layout "us,ru" -option "grp:rwin_toggle,grp_led:scroll" -variant ",winkeys"
Input method from xorg.conf.
----------------------------
::
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Keyboard0"
Driver "kbd"
Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
Option "XkbLayout" "us,ru"
Option "XkbVariant" ",winkeys"
Option "XkbOptions" "grp:rwin_switch,grp_led:scroll"
EndSection
.Xdefaults
==========
The syntax of an Xdefaults file is as follows::
[client. | *][{restriction.} | *]resource: value
where:
client
The name of the application, some program allow change it by
'-name' option. This element is optional (can be substituated
with wildcard).
restriction
Class names or name of specific class instance. The classes
names conventionally start with an upper-case letter.
resource
The name of the resource whose value is to be changed.
Resources are typically lowercase with uppercase
concatenation.
value
The actual value of the resource.
delimiters
A period (.) is used to signify each step down into the
hierarchy. A colon (:) is used to separate the resource
declaration from the actual value.
Comment start with '!' char and goes up to end of line or C-like ``/* */``.
Use xprop utility to find classes and resources used by application.
To reread your .Xresources file, and throw away your old resources::
$ xrdb ~/.Xdefaults
To reread your .Xresources file, and keep your old resources::
$ xrdb -merge ~/.Xdefaults
Example::
*foreground: yellow
XClock*foreground: pink
Xman*topBox*foreground: blue
String value type.
------------------
This can be path specification like '/usr/bin/firefox'.
Colors value type.
------------------
For color names see '/usr/lib/X11/rgb.txt'. Also you can use hex
representation #ffffff.
Font value type.
----------------
You can use either a full name, a wildcarded specification, or a font alias::
XTerm*Font: -adobe-courier-bold-r-normal--14-140-75-75-m-90-iso8859-1
XTerm*Font: *courier-bold-r*140*
XTerm*Font: 7x14
Geometry value type.
--------------------
XCalc*geometry: 120x120-0-0
XClock*geometry: -50+100
Cursor names value type.
------------------------
Cursor resources require the name of the file in /usr/include/X11/bitmaps that
contains the cursor you want to use.
ScoTerm*pointerShape: gumby
Pixmaps value type.
-------------------
Pixmaps are patterns, like bitmaps, that are used to texture or color an area
on your display. Pixmap resources are specified like cursors or bitmaps.
Numebers value type.
--------------------
XLogo*borderWidth: 10
Boolean value type.
-------------------
Some resources require a boolean value, such as 'true' or 'false', 'yes' or
'no', or 'on' or 'off'.
Wildcard matching.
------------------
The asterisk can be used as a wildcard, making it easy to write a single rule
that can be applied to many different applications or elements.