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−.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
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−.. include:: HEADER.rst
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−
+
−======
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− Apt.
+
−======
+
−.. contents::
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−
+
−Conf files.
+
−===========
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−
+
−See man sources.list(5), apt.conf(5), apt_preferences(5).
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−
+
−``/etc/apt/sources.list``::
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−
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−  deb http://ftp.debian.org.ua/debian/ stable main contrib non-free
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−  deb http://ftp2.debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main contrib non-free
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−  deb http://ftp2.debian.org.ua/debian/ unstable main contrib non-free
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−  deb http://ftp.uk.debian.org/debian/ experimental main contrib non-free
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−  deb http://www.deb-multimedia.org testing main non-free
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−
+
−``/etc/apt/preferences``::
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−
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−  Package: *
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−  Pin: release a=stable
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−  Pin-Priority: 800
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−
+
−  Package: *
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−  Pin: release a=testing
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−  Pin-Priority: 900
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−
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−  Package: *
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−  Pin: release a=unstable
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−  Pin-Priority: 700
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−
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−  Package: *
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−  Pin: release a=experimental
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−  Pin-Priority: 600
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−
+
−Setup backport.
+
−===============
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−
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−Main backports archive located at http://www.backports.org.
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−
+
−To get packeges gpg sign key::
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−
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−  $ su
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−  ...
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−  $ wget -O - http://backports.org/debian/archive.key | apt-key add -
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−  $ ^D
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−
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−Write where packeges places::
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−
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−  $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
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−  deb http://www.backports.org/debian/ etch-backports main contrib non-free
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−
+
−Getting new keys for packages.
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−==============================
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−::
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−
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−  $ sudo apt-get update
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−  ...
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−  W: There is no public key available for the following key IDs:
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−  9AA38DCD55BE302B
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−  W: GPG error: http://http.us.debian.org etch Release: The following signatures
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−  couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY
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−  9AA38DCD55BE302B
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−  ...
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−
+
−  $ gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-key 9AA38DCD55BE302B \
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−  --keyserver-options http-proxy=http://user:pass@192.168.1.1:3128
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−  gpg: requesting key 55BE302B from hkp server pgp.mit.edu
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−  gpg: key 55BE302B: public key "Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (5.0/lenny) <ftpmaster@debian.org>" imported
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−  gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
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−  gpg: Total number processed: 1
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−  gpg:               imported: 1  (RSA: 1)
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−
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−  $ gpg --export 9AA38DCD55BE302B | sudo apt-key add -
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−  OK
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−
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−Install build dependency for package.
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−=====================================
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−::
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−
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−  $ apt-get install build-essential    # install dev LIBC and GCC C/C++
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−  $ sudo apt-get build-dep $package
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−
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−If all you want is checking what packages are needed to build a given package::
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−
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−  $ apt-cache showsrc $package
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−
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−or check 'Build-Depends' attribute in::
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−
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−  $ apt-cache show $package
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−
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−Delete config file for removed packages.
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−========================================
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−
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−To get list of such packages use one of::
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−
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−  $ aptitude search ~c
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−  $ grep-status -n -sPackage -FStatus config-files
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−
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−To remove them::
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−
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−  $ aptitude purge ~c
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−
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−Delete obsolete packages.
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−=========================
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−
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−To get list of such packages use::
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−
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−  $ aptitude search ~o
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−
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−To remove them::
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−
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−  $ aptitude purge ~o
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−
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−To remove packages that were automatically installed to satisfy dependencies and
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−are now no longer needed::
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−
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−  $ sudo apt-get autoremove
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−
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−Clean up packages cache.
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−========================
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−
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−Remove everything from ``/var/cache/apt/archives/`` and
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−``/var/cache/apt/archives/partial/``::
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−
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−  $ sudo apt-get clean
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−
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−Removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely
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−useless::
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−
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−  $ sudo apt-get autoclean
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−
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−Check package files for modification.
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−=====================================
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−::
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−
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−  $ sudo debsums --changed
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−
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−Search for packages.
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−====================
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−::
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−
+
−  $ aptitude search '?tag(works-with::logfile)'
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−