+
−.. -*- coding: utf-8; -*-
+
−
+
−==============
+
− File system.
+
−==============
+
−.. contents::
+
−   :local:
+
−
+
−Supported FS.
+
−=============
+
−
+
−List of supported by current Linux kernel FSes::
+
−
+
−  $ cat /proc/filesystems
+
−
+
−FS stats
+
−========
+
−
+
−Free space::
+
−
+
−  $ df
+
−
+
−Free space in MB::
+
−
+
−  $ df -m
+
−
+
−Free space in human readable format::
+
−
+
−  $ df -h
+
−
+
−Number of free nodes::
+
−
+
−  $ df -i
+
−
+
−FS limits
+
−=========
+
−
+
−``ext4`` uses 32-bit inode numbers so number of files limited to 2^32.
+
−
+
−===== ==== ====== ======= ======= ========
+
−   fs name  inode sub-dir    file fs total
+
−===== ==== ====== ======= ======= ========
+
− ext2  255                  2 TiB   16 TiB
+
− ext3  255          32000   2 TiB   16 TiB
+
− ext4  255   2^32   64000  16 TiB   16 TiB
+
−btrfs  255   2^64       -  16 EiB   16 EiB
+
−fat32  255 268e+6    2^16   2 GiB    8 TiB
+
− ntfs  255   2^32    2^32  16 TiB  256 TiB
+
−  xfs  255                100 TiB  100 TiB
+
− gfs2  255                100 TiB  100 TiB
+
−===== ==== ====== ======= ======= ========
+
−
+
−https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems#Limits
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−  FS limits.
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−
+
−Make label on FAT32 volume.
+
−===========================
+
−
+
−The volume name can be up to 11 characters long::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo mlabel -i /dev/<device> ::my-label
+
−
+
−or when create FAT32 file system::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo mkdosfs -n <vol-name> /dev/<device>
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−
+
−Convert file name coding.
+
−=========================
+
−::
+
−
+
−  $ convmv --nosmart -f cp-1251 -t utf-8 -r $dir
+
−
+
−How get file time attributes.
+
−=============================
+
−
+
−POSIX define 3 file time attributes: atime (access time, only a few OS/fs update
+
−this parameter), ctime (attribute/inode modification time), mtime (modification
+
−time).
+
−
+
−To get time you can use 'ls' command but it print time in locale dependent
+
−irregular form::
+
−
+
−  $ ls -l file.txt      # last file modification
+
−  $ ls -lc file.txt     # last file status modification
+
−  $ ls -lu file.txt     # last access
+
−
+
−GNU coreutils provide more robust 'stst' utility::
+
−
+
−  $ stat -c %Y file.txt # last file modification
+
−  $ stat -c %Z file.txt # last file status modification
+
−  $ stat -c %X file.txt # last access
+
−
+
−POSIX file name restriction.
+
−============================
+
−
+
−Windows file name restriction.
+
−==============================
+
−
+
−http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa365247.aspx
+
−  Naming Files, Paths, and Namespaces
+
−
+
−How get UUID and label?
+
−=======================
+
−
+
−Include UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) and labels::
+
−
+
−  $ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
+
−  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-11-01 23:41 46B6-1FD4 -> ../../sdb2
+
−  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-11-01 23:41 4C30299030298256 -> ../../sda1
+
−
+
−  $ ls -l /dev/disk/by-label/
+
−  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-11-01 23:41 bin -> ../../sda3
+
−  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-11-01 23:41 inst -> ../../sda2
+
−  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 2010-11-01 23:41 media -> ../../sdc5
+
−
+
−  $ sudo vol_id /dev/dm-2
+
−  ID_FS_USAGE=filesystem
+
−  ID_FS_TYPE=ext3
+
−  ID_FS_VERSION=1.0
+
−  ID_FS_UUID=f7484fc9-75ec-4e46-8539-50b1e371b7ef
+
−  ID_FS_UUID_ENC=f7484fc9-75ec-4e46-8539-50b1e371b7ef
+
−  ID_FS_LABEL=
+
−  ID_FS_LABEL_ENC=
+
−  ID_FS_LABEL_SAFE=
+
−
+
−  $ /sbin/blkid     ## from 'e2fsprogs' package
+
−  /dev/sdc2: UUID="46B6-1FD4" TYPE="vfat"
+
−  /dev/sdb2: TYPE="ntfs" UUID="BC48D3FD48D3B47C" LABEL="inst"
+
−  /dev/sda5: UUID="5240AED140AEBB5D" LABEL="music" TYPE="ntfs"
+
−  /dev/sdc1: UUID="81c4444f-0b70-429a-9d97-8c13e8651f5b" TYPE="ext3"
+
−  /dev/sdc3: UUID="KOpHWz-clDR-2MqV-vAkE-cPvY-uZrY-kjYJIb" TYPE="lvm2pv"
+
−
+
−  $ udevinfo --query=all --name /dev/sdb    ## from 'udev' package
+
−  P: /block/sdb
+
−  N: sdb
+
−  S: disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD1600JS-00MHB0_WD-WCANM5835587
+
−  S: disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_WDC_WD1600JS-00_WD-WCANM5835587
+
−  S: disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:08.0-scsi-1:0:0:0
+
−  E: ID_VENDOR=ATA
+
−  E: ID_MODEL=WDC_WD1600JS-00M
+
−  E: ID_REVISION=02.0
+
−  ...
+
−
+
−How set UUID and label?
+
−=======================
+
−
+
−For ext2/ext3 fs::
+
−
+
−  $ sudo tune2fs /dev/hdb1 -U `uuid`
+
−
+
−Linux fs under Windows.
+
−=======================
+
−
+
−Ext2Fsd.
+
−--------
+
−
+
−Ext2Fsd is an open source linux ext3/ext4 file system driver for Windows systems
+
−(NT/2K/XP/Win7/Win8, X86/AMD64) and only alive project.
+
−
+
−http://www.ext2fsd.com/
+
−  Home page.
+
−http://sourceforge.net/projects/ext2fsd/
+
−  Sourceforge home page.
+
−
+
−Ext2 IFS.
+
−---------
+
−
+
−It provides Windows NT4.0/2000/XP/2003/Vista/2008 with full access to Linux Ext2
+
−volumes (read access and write access). This may be useful if you have installed
+
−both Windows and Linux as a dual boot environment on your computer.
+
−
+
−The "Ext2 Installable File System for Windows" software is freeware.
+
−
+
−After install use 'ifsdrives.cpl' control panel to modify settings.
+
−
+
−http://www.fs-driver.org/
+
−  home page
+
−
+
−rfstool.
+
−--------
+
−
+
−Allows you to access ReiserFS partitions from a Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP
+
−system. It also allows you to access ReiserFS partitions from Linux. It is a
+
−complete rewrite of the ReiserFS functions needed to list directories, copy
+
−files, and backup metadata.
+
−
+
−http://p-nand-q.com/e/reiserfs.html
+
−  home page
+
−
+
−Summary files size.
+
−===================
+
−::
+
−
+
−  $ find . -type f -iname "*.log" -print0 | du --files0-from=- -c -m | tail -n 1 \
+
−      | (read first rest; echo $first)
+
−
+
−Mount NTFS in Linux.
+
−====================
+
−
+
−Mount in rw mode::
+
−
+
−  $ man 8 ntfs-3g
+
−  $ cat /etc/fstab
+
−  ...
+
−  UUID=D474CB9874CB7C2C /mnt/winbin ntfs-3g rw,default_permissions,gid=1000,fmask=113,dmask=002,noatime,silent 0 0
+
−  ...
+
−
+
−Stop fsck running every 27 boots.
+
−=================================
+
−
+
−Check current settings::
+
−
+
−  $ tune2fs -l /dev/$DISK
+
−
+
−and tune them::
+
−
+
−  $ tune2fs -c 0 /dev/$DISK
+
−  $ tune2fs -i 2w /dev/$DISK
+
−
+
−Or disable checks in ``/etc/fstab`` completely (by setting last colon to ``0``
+
−value)!