Added new articles.
.. -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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English pronunciation.
========================
.. contents::
:local:
Allophone.
==========
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone
Is one of a set of multiple possible spoken sounds (or phones) or
signs used to pronounce a single phoneme in a particular language.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_phonology#Allophony
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allophone#English
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology#Allophones_of_consonants
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology#Allophones_of_vowels
Russian analog
==============
``[æ]``::
пять [pʲætʲ]
Exercises
=========
[iː] vs [ɪ]
-----------
::
These six silly sisters are sweet to meet.
[ðiːz sɪks sɪlɪ sɪstə aː swiːt tuː miːt]
sheep [ʃiːp] ship [ʃɪp]
heat [hiːt] hit [hɪt]
feet [fiːt] fit [fɪt]
cheap [ʧiːp] chip [ʧɪp]
eel [iːl] ill [ɪl]
receive [rɪˈsɪːv] sieve [sɪv]
leave [liːv] live [lɪv]
peach [piːʧ] pitch [pɪʧ]
litre [liːtər] litter [lɪtər]
leap [liːp] lip [lɪp]
wheel [wiːl] will [wɪl]
seek [siːk] sick [sɪk]
[ɪ] vs [e]
----------
::
Did Ed wed Liz or did Liz wed Ted?
tin [tɪn] ten [ten]
hill [hɪl] hell [hel]
did [dɪd] dead [ded]
bid [bɪd] bed [bed]
middle [mɪdle] medal [medl]
fill [fɪl] fell [fel]
pin [pɪn] pen [pen]
[e] vs [æ]
----------
::
I bet you bat better then your fans in the fens.
head [hɛd] had [hæd]
shell [ʃɛl] shall [ʃæl]
net [nɛt] gnat [næt]
end [ɛnd] and [ænd]
expensive [ɪkˈspɛnsɪv] expansive [ɪkˈspænsɪv]
[æ] vs [ʌ]
----------
::
Cut the cackle and come up with the cash!
cat [cæt] cut [kʌt]
cap [cæp] cup [kʌp]
dam [dæm] dumb [dʌm]
stamp [stæmp] stump [stʌmp]
ankle [əŋkəl] uncle [ʌŋkəl]
bat [bæt] but [bʌt]
swam [swæm] swum [swʌm]
bank [bænk] bunk [bʌnk]
[æ] vs [aː]
-----------
::
My hard hearted aunt had a fat cat in her flat.
cat cart
hat heart
had hard
am arm
chat chart
[æ] vs [eə]
-----------
::
dad [dæd] dared [deəd]
glad [ɡlæd] glared [ɡleəd]
marry [mæri] Mary [meəri]
[eɪ] vs [iː]
------------
::
ate [eɪt] eat [iːt]
faced [feɪst] feast [fiːst]
great [ɡreɪt] greet [ɡriːt]
mate [meɪt] meet [miːt]
[əʊ] vs [ɔː]
------------
::
coat [kəʊt] caught [kɔːt]
dough [dəʊ] door [dɔːr]
sew [səʊ] saw [sɔː]
flow [fləʊ] floor [flɔːr]
[w] vs [v]
----------
::
wet [wet] vet [vet]
werse [wɜrs] verse [vɜrs]
while [waɪl] vile [vaɪl]
west [west] vest [vest]
wery [weri] very [very]
[r] vs [l]
----------
::
wrong [rɒŋ] long [lɒŋ]
royal [rɔɪjəl] loyal [lɔɪjəl]
missread [mɪsˈred] missled [mɪsˈled]
pirate [paɪrət] pilot [paɪlət]
pray [praɪ] play [plaɪ]
red [red] led [led]
crime [kraɪm] climb [claɪm]
crash [kræʃ] clash [klæʃ]
rice [raɪs] lice [laɪs]
rock [rɒk] lock [lɒk]
[n] vs [ŋ]
----------
::
ran [ræn] rang [ræŋ]
son [sʌn] sung [sʌŋ]
pin [pɪn] ping [pɪŋ]
thin [θɪn] thing [θɪŋ]
wind [wɪnd] winged [wɪŋd]
[m] vs [n]
----------
::
sum [sʌm] sun [sʌn] sung [sʌŋ]
rum [rʌm] run [rʌn] rung [rʌŋ]
[s] vs [z]
----------
::
buzz [bʌz] bus [bʌs]
rise [raɪz] rice [raɪs]
zip [zɪp] sip [sɪp]
lazy [leɪzɪ] lacy [leɪsi]
his [hɪz] hiss [hɪs]
cause [cɔːz] course [kɔːrs]
plays [pleiz] place [pleɪs]
grows [ɡrəʊz] gross [ɡrəʊs]
[ʃ] vs [s]
----------
::
ship [ʃɪp] sip [sɪp]
show [ʃəʊ] so [səʊ]
shy [ʃaɪ] sigh [saɪ]
chauffeur [ʃəʊfər] sofa [səʊfə]
shock [ʃɒk] sock [sɒk]
[v] vs [f]
----------
::
vault [vɔːlt] fault [fɔːlt]
believe [bɪliːv] belief [bɪliːf]
live [laɪv] life [laɪf]
van [væn] fan [fæn]
leave [liːv] leaf [liːf]
of [ɒv] off [ɒf]
rival [raɪvəl] rifle [raɪfəl]
[v] vs [b]
----------
::
very [ˈveri] berry [ˈberi]
[d] vs [t]
----------
::
dame [daɪm] tame [taɪm]
doom [duːm] tomb [tuːm]
medal [medəl] metal [metəl]
heard [hɜːrd] hurt [hɜːrt]
din [dɪn] tin [tɪn]
do [duː] to [tuː]
down [daʊn] town [taʊn]
aid [eɪd] eight [eɪt]
bed [bed] bet [bet]
[b] vs [p]
----------
::
back [bæk] pack [pæk]
cab [cæb] cap [kæp]
symbol [sɪmbəl] simple [sɪmpəl]
bare [beə] pair [peə]
bunch [bʌnʧ] punch [pʌnʧ]
bump [bʌmp] pump [pʌmp]
bull [bʊl] pull [pʊl]
[ɡ] vs [k]
----------
::
glue [ɡluː] clue [kluː]
ghost [ɡəʊst] coast [kəʊst]
log [lɒɡ] lock [lɒk]
pig [pɪɡ] pick [pɪk]
game [ɡeIm] came [keɪm]
gauge [ɡeɪdʒ] cage [keɪdɡ]
galleries [ɡæləriːz] calories [kæləriːz]
[ʧ] vs [dʒ]
-----------
::
choke [ʧəʊk] joke [dʒəʊk]
chunk [ʧʌnk] junk [dʒʌŋk]
rich [rɪʧ] ridge [rɪdʒ]
lunch [lʌnʧ] lunge [lʌndʒ]
search [sɜːrʧ] surge [sɜːrdʒ]