author | Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com> |
Tue, 20 Mar 2018 23:09:15 +0200 | |
changeset 1027 | 7bbe42d02ee2 |
parent 541 | c7deb60dcd62 |
permissions | -rw-r--r-- |
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.. -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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======================= |
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English pronunciation |
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======================= |
257 | 6 |
.. contents:: |
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:local: |
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9 |
About |
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===== |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciation_respelling_for_English |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_orthography |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_and_British_English_spelling_differences |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_chart_for_English_dialects |
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* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_English |
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Деление на слоги (syllable) |
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=========================== |
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В слове число слогов равно числу гласных звуков:: |
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ba-by, pis-ton |
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Если на границе слогораздела одна согласная, то она отходит ко второму |
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27 |
слогу:: |
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e-ven, o-pen, i-tem |
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Если на границе слогораздела более одной согласной, то только первая |
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согласная относится к первому слогу:: |
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hus-band, pen-cil, mem-ber, sym-ptom |
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Слог образуют сочетания согласных с ``l`` и ``r``, если за ними следует |
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конечное нечитаемое ``e``:: |
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ta-ble, a-ble, cy-cle, a-cre |
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41 |
Типы слогов |
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=========== |
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parents:
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44 |
Открытый слог (open syllable) |
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45 |
----------------------------- |
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47 |
Заканчивается на гласную:: |
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48 |
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ba-by |
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50 |
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Слог, который стоит перед ND / LD, считается открытым:: |
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cold [kɔuld], child [ʧaɪld], old [ɔuld] |
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54 |
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Закрытый слог (closed syllable) |
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------------------------------- |
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syllable definition.
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Заканчивается на согласную, кроме ``r``:: |
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sys-tem |
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61 |
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62 |
Ударный слог (stressed syllable) |
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63 |
-------------------------------- |
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64 |
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65 |
Обычно первый слог:: |
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66 |
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67 |
pi-lot [ˈpaɪlot], paper [ˈpeɪpə] |
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68 |
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В производных словах смещение ударения как правило не происходит:: |
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nature/natural [ˈneɪʧə/ˈnæʧrəl] |
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mark/remark [mɑːk/rɪˈmɑːk] |
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press/impress [pres/ɪmˈpres] |
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74 |
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75 |
Неударный слог (unstressed syllable) |
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76 |
------------------------------------ |
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77 |
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Чтение гласных |
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============== |
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81 |
Чтение ``a`` |
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82 |
------------ |
159 | 83 |
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``a`` в открытом ударном слоге - ``[eɪ]``:: |
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85 |
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na-me [neɪm], la-ter [ˈlaɪtər] |
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!!! have [hæv], many [ˈmenɪ], family [ˈfæemɪlɪ] |
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88 |
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``a`` в закрытом ударном слоге - ``[æ]``:: |
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90 |
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cat [cæt], lat-ter [ˈlætər], fan-cy [ˈfænsɪ] |
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92 |
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93 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ange`` - ``[eɪdʒ]``:: |
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94 |
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172 | 95 |
range [reɪndʒ], danger [deɪndʒə] |
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96 |
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parents:
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97 |
``ai`` в ударном положении - ``[eɪ]``:: |
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98 |
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99 |
main [meɪn], rain [reɪn], traine [treɪn], raise [reɪz], straight [streɪt] |
172 | 100 |
!!! said [sed] |
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101 |
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``ay`` в ударном положении - ``[eɪ]``:: |
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103 |
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104 |
may [meɪ], lay [leɪ], pay [peɪ], play [pleɪ], stay [steɪ] |
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105 |
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106 |
``ar`` - ``[ɑːr]``:: |
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107 |
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108 |
car [cɑːr], arm [ɑːrm], park [pɑːrk] |
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109 |
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110 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ass`` - ``[ɑːs]``:: |
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111 |
|
172 | 112 |
glass [ɡlɑːs], pass [pɑːs], class [klɑːs] |
113 |
!!! mass [mæs] |
|
201
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|
114 |
|
514
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|
115 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ast`` - ``[ɑːst]``:: |
201
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|
116 |
|
215
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|
117 |
fast [fɑːst], mast [mɑːst], cast [cɑːst], past [pɑːst], last [lɑːst] |
185 | 118 |
!!! tasty [ˈteɪstɪ] |
201
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|
119 |
|
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|
120 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ant`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
121 |
|
172 | 122 |
grant [ɡrɑːnt], plant [plɑːnt], slant [slɑːnt] |
201
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|
123 |
|
511
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|
124 |
``a`` в сочетании ``anch`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
125 |
|
172 | 126 |
branch [brɑːnʧ] |
201
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|
127 |
|
511
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|
128 |
``a`` в сочетании ``alf`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
129 |
|
172 | 130 |
half [hɑːlf], calf [kɑːlf] |
201
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|
131 |
|
511
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|
132 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ask`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
133 |
|
172 | 134 |
ask [ɑːsk], task [tɑːsk], mask [mɑːsk] |
201
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|
135 |
|
511
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|
136 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ath`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
137 |
|
172 | 138 |
father [ˈfɑːθə], bath [bɑːθ] |
139 |
!!! gather [ˈɡæðə] |
|
201
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|
140 |
|
511
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|
141 |
``a`` в сочетании ``ance`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
142 |
|
172 | 143 |
chance [ʧɑːns], advance [ədˈvɑːns] |
201
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|
144 |
|
511
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|
145 |
``a`` в сочетании ``aft`` - ``[ɑː]``:: |
201
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|
146 |
|
172 | 147 |
shaft [ʃɑːft], after [ˈɑːftə], craft [krɑːft], draft [drɑːft] |
201
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|
148 |
|
517 | 149 |
``air`` - ``[er]``:: |
201
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|
150 |
|
517 | 151 |
stair [ster], hair [her], fair [fer], affair [əˈfer], pair [per] |
201
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|
152 |
|
517 | 153 |
``are`` - ``[er]``:: |
201
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|
154 |
|
517 | 155 |
care [ker], fare [fer], scare [sker] |
201
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|
156 |
|
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|
157 |
``a`` в ``all`` или ``l``+согласная - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
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|
158 |
|
215
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|
159 |
all [ɔːl], ball [bɔːl], wall [wɔːl], small [smɔːl], hall [hɔːl] |
e28e7d9cbb2b
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|
160 |
chalk [ʧɔːk], install [ɪnˈstɔːl], almost [ɔːlməust] |
201
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|
161 |
|
511
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|
162 |
``au`` - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
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|
163 |
|
215
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|
164 |
launch [lɔːnʧ], autumn [ˈɔːtəm] |
172 | 165 |
!!! aunt [ɑːnt] |
201
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|
166 |
|
511
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|
167 |
``aw`` - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
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|
168 |
|
513
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|
169 |
saw [sɔː], draw [drɔː], law [lɔː] |
201
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|
170 |
|
511
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|
171 |
``aught`` - ``[ɔːt]``:: |
201
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|
172 |
|
172 | 173 |
naught [nɔːt] |
201
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|
174 |
|
511
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|
175 |
``auth`` - ``[ɔːθ]``:: |
201
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|
176 |
|
172 | 177 |
author [ˈɔːθə] |
201
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|
178 |
|
511
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|
179 |
``ar`` после ``w`` или ``qu`` - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
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|
180 |
|
517 | 181 |
war [wɔːr], warm [wɔːrm], quartz [kwɔːrts] |
201
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|
182 |
|
513
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Fix some transcription.
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diff
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|
183 |
``wa`` и ``wha`` в закрытом слоге - ``[wɔ]``:: |
201
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Convert to RST syntax.
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|
184 |
|
215
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|
185 |
want [wɔt], wash [wɔʃ], what [wɔt], watch [wɔʧ] |
201
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|
186 |
|
511
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|
187 |
``a`` в неударном положении - ``[ə]``:: |
201
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|
188 |
|
172 | 189 |
data [ˈdeɪtə], agenda [əˈdʒendə] |
201
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|
190 |
|
511
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|
191 |
``ai``, ``ay`` в неударном положении - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
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|
192 |
|
172 | 193 |
captain [ˈkæptɪn], Monday [ˈmʌndɪ] |
201
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diff
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|
194 |
|
511
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|
195 |
``age`` в неударном положении - ``[ɪdʒ]``:: |
201
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|
196 |
|
172 | 197 |
marriage [ˈmærɪdʒ], sausage ['sɔsɪdʒ] |
198 |
||
514
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|
199 |
Чтение ``e`` |
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|
200 |
------------ |
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diff
changeset
|
201 |
|
517 | 202 |
``e`` в конце слова не читается:: |
514
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changeset
|
203 |
|
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|
204 |
life [laɪf], table [teɪbl], dandle [dændl] |
201
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diff
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|
205 |
|
511
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|
206 |
``e`` в открытом ударном слоге - ``[iː]``:: |
201
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diff
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|
207 |
|
180
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|
208 |
he [hiː], le-gal [ˈliːɡəl] |
201
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|
209 |
|
514
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|
210 |
``e`` в закрытом ударном слоге - ``[e]``:: |
6727cff45c2b
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diff
changeset
|
211 |
|
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|
212 |
bed [bed], letter [ˈletə], nest [nest] |
6727cff45c2b
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|
213 |
|
517 | 214 |
``e`` в открытом неударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
215 |
||
216 |
event [ɪˈvent], effect [ɪˈfect], elect [iˈlekt] |
|
201
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diff
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|
217 |
|
517 | 218 |
``e`` в закрытом неударном слоге - ``[ə]``:: |
219 |
||
220 |
sentence - [ˈsentəns] |
|
201
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|
221 |
|
511
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|
222 |
``ee`` - ``[iː]``:: |
201
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|
223 |
|
517 | 224 |
keen [kiːn], feel [fiːl], see [siː], tree [triː], street [striːt] |
225 |
||
226 |
``ea`` - ``[iː]``:: |
|
227 |
||
228 |
mean [miːn], seat [siːt], speak [spiːk], please [pliːz] |
|
229 |
!!! great [ɡreɪt], bread [bred], head [hed], breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] |
|
201
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|
230 |
|
511
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|
231 |
``ea`` перед ``d``, ``n``, ``th``, ``sure`` - ``[e]``:: |
201
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|
232 |
|
183 | 233 |
bread [bred], ready [ˈredɪ], weather [ˈweθə], pleasure [ˈpleʒə], measure [ˈmeʒə], meant [ment] |
201
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|
234 |
|
514
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|
235 |
``er`` в ударном слоге - ``[ɜːr]``:: |
201
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|
236 |
|
514
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|
237 |
her [hɜːr], term [tɜːrm], serve [sɜːrv], permanent [ˈpɜːrmənənt] |
201
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|
238 |
|
514
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|
239 |
``ear`` + согласная - ``[ɜːr]``:: |
201
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changeset
|
240 |
|
514
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|
241 |
heard [hɜːrd], learn [lɜːrn], earth [ɜːrθ] |
201
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changeset
|
242 |
|
511
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|
243 |
``ear`` - ``[ɪə]``:: |
201
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diff
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|
244 |
|
517 | 245 |
ear [ɪə], near [nɪə], fear [fɪə], clear [klɪə], dear [dɪə] |
201
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
246 |
|
511
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|
247 |
``eer`` - ``[ɪə]``:: |
201
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|
248 |
|
214
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Add a lot on exceptions.
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diff
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|
249 |
cheer [ʧɪə], engineer [ˌendʒɪˈnɪə], pioneer [ˌpaɪəˈniə] |
201
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diff
changeset
|
250 |
|
511
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|
251 |
``ere`` - ``[ɪə]``:: |
201
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diff
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|
252 |
|
183 | 253 |
mere [mɪə], here [hɪə], sphere [sfɪə] |
517 | 254 |
!!! there [θer], where [wer], were [wɜːr] |
201
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diff
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|
255 |
|
511
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diff
changeset
|
256 |
``er`` в неударном положении - ``[ə]``:: |
201
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diff
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|
257 |
|
183 | 258 |
member [ˈmembə], answer [ˈɑːnsə], maker [ˈmeɪkə], perhaps [pəˈhæps] |
201
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diff
changeset
|
259 |
|
511
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|
260 |
``er`` в открытом неударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
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diff
changeset
|
261 |
|
183 | 262 |
regret [rɪˈɡret], repair [rɪˈpɛə], remain [rɪˈmeɪn] |
201
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
263 |
|
511
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diff
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|
264 |
``et`` в конце слова - ``[ɪt]``:: |
201
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diff
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|
265 |
|
183 | 266 |
market [ˈmɑːkɪt], planet [ˈplænɪt], genet [ˈdʒenɪt], cutlet [ˈcʌltɪd] |
201
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
267 |
|
517 | 268 |
``ei`` в ударном слоге - ``[eɪ]``:: |
269 |
||
270 |
vein [veɪn], freight [freɪt], eight [eɪt] |
|
271 |
||
511
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|
272 |
``ei`` в неударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
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|
273 |
|
194 | 274 |
foreign [ˈfɔrɪn] |
201
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diff
changeset
|
275 |
|
517 | 276 |
``ey`` в ударном слоге - ``[eɪ]``:: |
277 |
||
278 |
grey [ɡreɪ], they [θeɪ] |
|
279 |
||
280 |
``ey`` в неударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
|
201
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diff
changeset
|
281 |
|
194 | 282 |
hockey [ˈhɔkɪ], money [ˈmʌnɪ] |
201
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diff
changeset
|
283 |
|
511
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diff
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|
284 |
``ew`` - ``[juː]``:: |
201
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diff
changeset
|
285 |
|
183 | 286 |
new [njuː], few [fjuː] |
201
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parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
287 |
|
511
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diff
changeset
|
288 |
``ew`` после звуков ``[r, l, dʒ] - [uː]``:: |
201
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
289 |
|
183 | 290 |
crew [kruː], grew [gruː] |
201
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
291 |
|
511
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Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
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|
292 |
``eu`` - ``[juː]``:: |
201
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diff
changeset
|
293 |
|
183 | 294 |
deuce [djuːs] |
201
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parents:
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diff
changeset
|
295 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
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parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
296 |
Чтение ``i`` |
6727cff45c2b
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|
297 |
------------ |
201
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diff
changeset
|
298 |
|
511
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Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
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parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
299 |
``i`` в открытом ударном слоге - ``[aɪ]``:: |
201
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Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
300 |
|
190 | 301 |
fi-ve [faɪv], li-ner [ˈlaɪnə], pi-lot [ˈpaɪlət], time [taɪm] |
302 |
!!! machine [məʃiːn], cinema [ˈsɪnimə], live [lɪv], give [ɡɪv] |
|
201
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Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
303 |
|
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
304 |
``i`` в закрытом ударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
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Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
305 |
|
190 | 306 |
pin [pɪn], din-ner [ˈdɪnə], stick [stɪk], since [sɪns] |
201
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Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
307 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
308 |
``i`` в неударном положении - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
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Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
309 |
|
190 | 310 |
immense [ɪˈmens], imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
311 |
|
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
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514
diff
changeset
|
312 |
``i`` перед ``nd`` - ``[aɪ]``:: |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
313 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
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514
diff
changeset
|
314 |
kind [kaɪnd], find [faɪnd]. |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
315 |
!!! wind [wɪnd] |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
316 |
|
517 | 317 |
Сочетание ``ild`` - ``[aɪld]``:: |
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
318 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
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diff
changeset
|
319 |
child [ʧaɪld], wild [waɪld], mild [maɪld] |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
320 |
|
517 | 321 |
Сочетание ``ind`` - ``[aɪnd]``:: |
322 |
||
323 |
bind [baɪnd], mind [maɪnd], find [faɪnd], kind [kaɪnd] |
|
324 |
||
325 |
Сочетание ``ign`` - ``[aɪn]``:: |
|
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
326 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
327 |
sign [saɪn], design [dɪˈzaɪn] |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
328 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
329 |
Сочетание ``igh`` - ``[aɪ]``:: |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
330 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
331 |
high [haɪ], fight [faɪt], light [laɪt], sight [saɪt], right [raɪt] |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
332 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
333 |
``ie`` на конце односложных слов - ``[aɪ]``:: |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
334 |
|
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
335 |
die [daɪ], lie [laɪ] |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
336 |
|
513
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
337 |
``ir`` в ударном положении - ``[ɜːr]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
338 |
|
513
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
339 |
first [fɜːrst], girl [ɡɜːrl], third [θɜːrd] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
340 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
341 |
``ire`` - ``[aɪə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
342 |
|
190 | 343 |
fire [faɪə], mire [maɪə], entire [inˈtaɪə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
344 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
345 |
``ia`` - ``[aɪə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
346 |
|
190 | 347 |
diamond [daɪəmənd], dialogue [ˈdaɪəlɔɡ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
348 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
349 |
``io`` - ``[aɪə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
350 |
|
190 | 351 |
prior [praɪə], pioneer [ˌpaɪəˈniə], violate [ˈvaɪəleɪt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
352 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
353 |
``ie`` в середине корневых слов - ``[iː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
354 |
|
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
355 |
piece [piːs], field [fiːld], brief [briːf], grieve [ɡriːv] |
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
356 |
!!! friend [frend] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
357 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
358 |
Чтение ``o`` |
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
359 |
------------ |
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
360 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
361 |
``o`` в открытом ударном слоге - ``[əʊ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
362 |
|
296 | 363 |
no [nəʊ], ro-se [rəʊz], so-fa [ˈsəʊfə] |
517 | 364 |
!!! do [duː], does [dʌz], ɡlove [ɡlʌv], love [lʌv], shoe [ʃuː], to [tuː] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
365 |
|
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
366 |
``old`` - ``[əʊld]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
367 |
|
512
0a5b8add4166
Fix some transcriptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
511
diff
changeset
|
368 |
old [əʊld], cold [cəʊld], hold [həʊld] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
369 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
370 |
``oa`` - ``[əʊ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
371 |
|
296 | 372 |
road [rəʊd], boat [bəʊt], load [ləʊd], loan [ləʊn], oak [əʊk] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
373 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
374 |
``ow`` в конце слов - ``[əʊ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
375 |
|
296 | 376 |
know [nəʊ], show [ʃəʊ], snow [snəʊ], window [ˈwindəʊ], low [ləʊ], bowl [bəʊl] |
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
377 |
!!! now [naʊ], how [haʊ], cow [kaʊ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
378 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
379 |
``ow`` в середине слов - ``[aʊ]``:: |
215
e28e7d9cbb2b
Fix several transcriptions. Add a lot of new examples.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
214
diff
changeset
|
380 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
381 |
brown [braʊn], down [daʊn], flower [ˈflaʊə] |
215
e28e7d9cbb2b
Fix several transcriptions. Add a lot of new examples.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
214
diff
changeset
|
382 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
383 |
``o`` перед ``st`` - ``[əʊ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
384 |
|
296 | 385 |
post [pəʊst], most [məʊst] |
192 | 386 |
!!! cost [kɔst], lost [lɔst], frost [frɔst] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
387 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
388 |
``o`` в закрытом ударном слоге - ``[ɔ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
389 |
|
192 | 390 |
on [ɔn], clock [clɔk], ob-ject [ɔbdʒɪkt], stop [stɔp], not [nɔt], got [ɡɔt] |
214
248af78de74f
Add a lot on exceptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
206
diff
changeset
|
391 |
!!! son [sʌn], mother [ˈmʌðə], woman [ˈwumən], colour [ˈkʌlə] |
248af78de74f
Add a lot on exceptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
206
diff
changeset
|
392 |
!!! brother [ˈbrʌðə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
393 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
394 |
``ou`` в середине слова - ``[aʊ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
395 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
396 |
out [aʊt], town [taʊn], brown [braʊn], found [faʊnd], pound [paʊd] |
517 | 397 |
sound [saʊnd], trousers [ˈtraʊzəz], mouth [maʊθ] |
215
e28e7d9cbb2b
Fix several transcriptions. Add a lot of new examples.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
214
diff
changeset
|
398 |
!!! enough [ɪˈnʌf], country [ˈkʌntrɪ], trouble [trʌbl], touch [tʌʧ] |
517 | 399 |
!!! young [jʌŋ], you [juː], cousin [ˈkʌzən] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
400 |
|
513
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
401 |
``or`` в ударном положении - ``[ɔːr]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
402 |
|
192 | 403 |
fork [fɔːk], short [ʃɔːt], sport [spɔːt], port [pɔːt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
404 |
|
513
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
405 |
``or`` в неударном положении - ``[ər]``:: |
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
406 |
|
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
407 |
visitor [ˈvɪzɪtər], doctor [ˈdɔktər], operator [ˈɔpəreɪtər] |
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
408 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
409 |
``oor`` - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
410 |
|
192 | 411 |
floor [flɔː], door [dɔː] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
412 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
413 |
``ore`` - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
414 |
|
192 | 415 |
more [mɔː], core [cɔː], bore [bɔː], ore [ɔː], before [bɪˈfɔː] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
416 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
417 |
``oar`` - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
418 |
|
192 | 419 |
board [bɔːd] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
420 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
421 |
``our`` в середине слова - ``[ɔː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
422 |
|
192 | 423 |
mourn [mɔːn], source [sɔːs] |
424 |
!!! courage [ˈcʌridʒ] |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
425 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
426 |
``our`` под ударением - ``[auə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
427 |
|
192 | 428 |
our [auə], hour [hauə], sour [sauə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
429 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
430 |
``our`` на конце слов - ``[ə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
431 |
|
192 | 432 |
labour [ˈleɪbə], vapour [ˈveɪpə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
433 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
434 |
``oi`` - ``[ɔɪ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
435 |
|
512
0a5b8add4166
Fix some transcriptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
511
diff
changeset
|
436 |
voice [vɔɪs], coil [kɔɪl], toil [tɔɪl], oil [ɔɪl], noise [nɔɪz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
437 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
438 |
``oy`` - ``[ɔɪ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
439 |
|
192 | 440 |
alloy [ˈælɔɪ], boy [bɔɪ], toy [tɔɪ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
441 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
442 |
``oo`` - ``[uː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
443 |
|
192 | 444 |
food [fuːd], root [ruːt], noon [nuːn], too [tuː], moon [muːn], pool [puːl], doom [duːm] |
512
0a5b8add4166
Fix some transcriptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
511
diff
changeset
|
445 |
!!! good [ɡʊd], wood [wʊd], wool [wʊl], foot [fʊt], blood [blʌd], flood [flʌd] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
446 |
|
515
27da55c0db7e
Remove wrong rules. Rearrange some rules.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
514
diff
changeset
|
447 |
``oo`` в сочетании ``ook`` - ``[ʊk]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
448 |
|
512
0a5b8add4166
Fix some transcriptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
511
diff
changeset
|
449 |
book [bʊk], look [lʊk], took [tʊk], hook [hʊk] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
450 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
451 |
``ous`` на конце слов - ``[əs]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
452 |
|
192 | 453 |
various [ˈvɛərɪəs], tremendous [trɪˈmendəs] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
454 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
455 |
``oth`` под ударением - ``[ʌθ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
456 |
|
192 | 457 |
mother [ˈmʌθə], other [ˈʌθə], brother [ˈbrʌθə], another [əˈnʌθə] |
296 | 458 |
!!! both [bəʊθ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
459 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
460 |
``on`` под ударением - ``[ʌn]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
461 |
|
192 | 462 |
month [mʌnθ], son [sʌn], front [frʌnt], London [ˈlʌndən] |
463 |
!!! on [ɔn] |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
464 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
465 |
``om`` под ударением - ``[ʌm]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
466 |
|
192 | 467 |
come [kʌm], some [sʌm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
468 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
469 |
``ov`` под ударением - ``[ʌv]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
470 |
|
192 | 471 |
cover [ˈkʌvə], oven [ˈʌvn] |
180
1f6b2926a51a
Move consonants to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
179
diff
changeset
|
472 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
473 |
Чтение ``u`` |
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
474 |
------------ |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
475 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
476 |
``u`` в открытом ударном слоге - ``[juː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
477 |
|
191 | 478 |
pu-pil [pjuːpl], stu-dent [ˈstjuːdənt], use [juːz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
479 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
480 |
``u`` в закрытом ударном слоге - ``[ʌ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
481 |
|
191 | 482 |
num-ber [ˈnʌmbə], un-cle [ʌŋkl], bus [bʌs] |
483 |
!!! put [put], push [puʃ], pull [pul], full [ful], bush [buʃ] |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
484 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
485 |
``ue`` после ``l``, ``r``, ``j`` - ``[uː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
486 |
|
191 | 487 |
blue [bluː], true [truː] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
488 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
489 |
``ui`` после ``l``, ``r``, ``j`` - ``[uː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
490 |
|
191 | 491 |
cruise [kruːz], juice [dʒuːs], fruit [fruːt] |
214
248af78de74f
Add a lot on exceptions.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
206
diff
changeset
|
492 |
!!! suit [sjuːt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
493 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
494 |
``u`` в неударном положении - ``[ə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
495 |
|
191 | 496 |
upon [əˈpɔn], supply [səpˈlaɪ], suspend [səsˈpend], difficult [ˈdɪfɪcəlt] |
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
497 |
!!! mercury [ˈmɜːrkjuːrɪ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
498 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
499 |
``ur`` в ударном слоге - ``[ɜːr]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
500 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
501 |
curtain [kɜːrtn], turn [tɜːrn], curve [cɜːrv], surface [ˈsɜːrfɪs] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
502 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
503 |
``u`` перед ``r`` + гласная - ``[juə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
504 |
|
191 | 505 |
pure [pjuə], cure [kjuə], curious [ˈkjuərɪəs] |
506 |
!!! sure [ʃuə] |
|
184 | 507 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
508 |
Чтение ``y`` |
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
509 |
------------ |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
510 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
511 |
``y`` в открытом ударном слоге - ``[aɪ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
512 |
|
185 | 513 |
my [maɪ], try [traɪ], ty-pist [ˈtaɪpɪst], cycle [saɪkl] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
514 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
515 |
``y`` в закрытом ударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
516 |
|
184 | 517 |
sym-bol [ˈsɪməl], symptom [ˈsɪmptəm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
518 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
519 |
``y`` в открытом неударном слоге - ``[ɪ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
520 |
|
185 | 521 |
sorry [ˈsɔrɪ], tasty [ˈteɪstɪ], family [ˈfæemɪlɪ], tardy [ˈtɑːdɪ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
522 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
523 |
``y`` в начале слов перед гласными - ``[j]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
524 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
525 |
yet [jet], yard [jɑːd], year [jɜːr] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
526 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
527 |
``yr`` + гласная - ``[aɪə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
528 |
|
185 | 529 |
tyre [taɪə], tyrant [taɪərənt], gyroplane [dzaɪrəpleɪn] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
530 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
531 |
``yr`` + согласная - ``[ɜːr]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
532 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
533 |
myrtle [mɜːrtl] |
180
1f6b2926a51a
Move consonants to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
179
diff
changeset
|
534 |
|
540 | 535 |
Чтение согласных и сочетаний |
536 |
============================ |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
537 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
538 |
``alk`` - ``[ɔːk]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
539 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
540 |
chalk [ʧɔːk], talk [tɔːk], walk [wɔːk] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
541 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
542 |
``aught`` - ``[ɔːt]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
543 |
|
513
ff2f66dc5f2f
Fix some transcription.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
512
diff
changeset
|
544 |
daughter [ˈdɔːtər], caught [kɔːt], taught [tɔːt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
545 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
546 |
``bt`` - ``[t]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
547 |
|
194 | 548 |
debt [det], doubt [daut] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
549 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
550 |
``c`` обычно - ``[k]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
551 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
552 |
cap [kæp], come [kʌm], cup [kʌp] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
553 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
554 |
``c`` перед буквами ``e``, ``i``, ``y`` - ``[s]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
555 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
556 |
cent [sent], face [feɪs], city [ˈsɪtɪ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
557 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
558 |
``ch`` - ``[ʧ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
559 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
560 |
child [ʧaɪld], chalk [ʧɔːk], chain [ʧeɪn], chess [ʧes] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
561 |
|
540 | 562 |
Rearly ``ch`` is ``[ʃ]``:: |
563 |
||
564 |
chef [ʃef], mustache [ˈmʌstæʃ], machine [məˈʃiːn] |
|
565 |
||
566 |
Rearly ``ch`` is ``[k]``:: |
|
567 |
||
568 |
chorus [ˈkɔːrəs] |
|
569 |
||
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
570 |
``cial`` - ``[ʃ(ə)l]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
571 |
|
540 | 572 |
special [ˈspeʃəl], commercial [kəˈmɜːrʃəl], official [əˈfɪʃəl], artificial [ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃəl] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
573 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
574 |
``cient`` - ``[ʃ(ə)nt]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
575 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
576 |
efficient [ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
577 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
578 |
``ck`` - ``[k]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
579 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
580 |
black [blæk], clock [klɔk], thick [θɪk]. |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
581 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
582 |
``g`` обычно - ``[g]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
583 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
584 |
game [ɡeɪm], glad [ɡlæd], go [ɡəu] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
585 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
586 |
``g`` перед буквами ``e``, ``i``, ``y`` - ``[dʒ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
587 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
588 |
gypsy [ˈdʒɪpsɪ], gem [dʒem] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
589 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
590 |
``gn`` - ``[n]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
591 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
592 |
sign [saɪn], gnome [nəum] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
593 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
594 |
``gm`` - ``[m]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
595 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
596 |
paradigm ['pærədaɪm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
597 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
598 |
``gh`` не читается:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
599 |
|
296 | 600 |
though [ðəʊ], through [θruː] |
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
601 |
!!! enough [ɪˈnʌf], laugh [lɑːf] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
602 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
603 |
``ght`` - ``[t]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
604 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
605 |
might [maɪt], fight [faɪt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
606 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
607 |
``imb`` - ``[aɪm]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
608 |
|
182
264db5b2d4ae
Reading aught/imb/ince/ness/ough/ought.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
181
diff
changeset
|
609 |
climb - [klaɪm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
610 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
611 |
``ince`` - ``[aɪns]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
612 |
|
182
264db5b2d4ae
Reading aught/imb/ince/ness/ough/ought.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
181
diff
changeset
|
613 |
XXX |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
614 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
615 |
``ing`` - ``[iŋ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
616 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
617 |
signing [ˈsaɪniŋ], running [ˈrʌnɪŋ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
618 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
619 |
``ink`` - ``[iŋk]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
620 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
621 |
think [θɪŋk], link [lɪŋk] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
622 |
|
540 | 623 |
``itious`` - ``[ɪʃəs]``:: |
624 |
||
625 |
ambitious [æmˈbɪʃəs], fictitious [fɪktɪʃəz], nutritious [njuːtˈrɪʃəs], repetitious [ˌrepɪˈtɪʃə] |
|
626 |
||
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
627 |
``j`` - ``[dʒ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
628 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
629 |
jump [dʒʌmp] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
630 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
631 |
``kn`` в начале слова - ``[n]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
632 |
|
174
ae3c4d84210c
Нечитаемые согласные.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
173
diff
changeset
|
633 |
know [kəu], knot [nɔt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
634 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
635 |
``lf`` - ``[f]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
636 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
637 |
calf [kɑːf], half [hɑːf] |
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
638 |
!!! gulf [ɡʌlf] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
639 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
640 |
``lm`` - ``[m]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
641 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
642 |
balm [bɑːm], calm [kɑːm], holm [həum], palm [pɑːm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
643 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
644 |
``mb`` - ``[m]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
645 |
|
296 | 646 |
climb [klaɪm], limb [laɪm], comb [kəʊm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
647 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
648 |
``mn`` на конце слова - ``[m]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
649 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
650 |
autumn [ˈɔːtəm], damn [dæm], hymn [hɪm] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
651 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
652 |
``ness`` в неударном положении - ``[nɪs]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
653 |
|
182
264db5b2d4ae
Reading aught/imb/ince/ness/ough/ought.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
181
diff
changeset
|
654 |
emptiness - [ˈemptɪnɪs] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
655 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
656 |
``ng`` - ``[ŋ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
657 |
|
181
03be0e705089
ng и g относится к разным слогам
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
180
diff
changeset
|
658 |
long [lɔŋ], song [sɔŋ], string [strɪŋ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
659 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
660 |
``ng`` и ``g`` относится к разным слогам - ``[ŋɡ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
661 |
|
181
03be0e705089
ng и g относится к разным слогам
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
180
diff
changeset
|
662 |
angry [ˈæŋɡrɪ], English [ˈɪŋɡliʃ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
663 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
664 |
``nk`` - ``[ŋk]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
665 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
666 |
ink [ɪŋk], think [θɪŋk] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
667 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
668 |
``ough`` без последующего ``t`` - ``[uː]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
669 |
|
182
264db5b2d4ae
Reading aught/imb/ince/ness/ough/ought.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
181
diff
changeset
|
670 |
XXX |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
671 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
672 |
``ought`` - ``[ɔːt]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
673 |
|
192 | 674 |
brought [brɔːt], thought [θɔːt], fought [fɔːt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
675 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
676 |
``ould`` - ``[ud]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
677 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
678 |
could [kud], should [shud], would [wud] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
679 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
680 |
``ph`` - ``[f]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
681 |
|
296 | 682 |
photo [ˈfəʊtəʊ], sphere [sfɪə], phrase [freɪz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
683 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
684 |
``pn`` - ``[n]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
685 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
686 |
pneumonia [njuːˈmənjə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
687 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
688 |
``pt`` - ``[t]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
689 |
|
269 | 690 |
receipt [rɪˈsiːt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
691 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
692 |
``qu`` - ``[kw]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
693 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
694 |
quick [kwɪk], question ['kwesʧ(ə)n] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
695 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
696 |
``ft`` - ``[f]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
697 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
698 |
often [ɔfn] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
699 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
700 |
``r`` в конце слов если следующее слова начинается с гласной - ``[r]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
701 |
|
296 | 702 |
our own room [auər əʊn rum] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
703 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
704 |
``s`` в начале слов - ``[s]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
705 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
706 |
send [send], spend [spend] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
707 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
708 |
``s`` перед и после глухой согласной - ``[s]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
709 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
710 |
test [test], cups [kʌps] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
711 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
712 |
``s`` после гласных - ``[z]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
713 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
714 |
as [az], days [deɪz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
715 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
716 |
``s`` между гласными - ``[z]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
717 |
|
296 | 718 |
nose [nəʊz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
719 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
720 |
``s`` на конце слов после звонких согласных и гласных - ``[z]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
721 |
|
176
5e38f9e7a314
Move s/g/k rules to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
175
diff
changeset
|
722 |
pens [penz], bells [belz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
723 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
724 |
``sh`` - ``[ʃ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
725 |
|
540 | 726 |
she [ʃiː], should [ʃud], sheep [ʃiːp], shut [ʃʌt], wish [wɪʃ], finish [ˈfɪnɪʃ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
727 |
|
541 | 728 |
``sion`` after vowel and ``r`` - ``[ʒən]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
729 |
|
541 | 730 |
incision [ɪnˈsɪʒən], version [ˈvɜːrʒən], decision [dɪˈsɪʒən], persuasion [pərˈsweɪʒən] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
731 |
|
541 | 732 |
``sion`` after consonant, accept ``r`` - ``[ʃən]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
733 |
|
541 | 734 |
commission [kəˈmɪʃ(ə)n], passion [ˈpæʃən], progression [prəuˈɡreʃ(ə)n] |
735 |
tension [ˈtenʃən], apprehension [əprɪˈhenʃən] |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
736 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
737 |
``sl`` - ``[l]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
738 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
739 |
aisle [aɪl], island [ˈaɪlənd] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
740 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
741 |
``ss`` - ``[s]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
742 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
743 |
chess [ʧes], Bess [bes], dress [dres] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
744 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
745 |
``st`` - ``[s]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
746 |
|
193
2b82674f20ee
Чтение немых согласныхю
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
192
diff
changeset
|
747 |
castle [kaːsl], listen [lɪsn], whistle [wɪsl] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
748 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
749 |
``ssure`` - ``[ʃə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
750 |
|
181
03be0e705089
ng и g относится к разным слогам
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
180
diff
changeset
|
751 |
XXX |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
752 |
|
541 | 753 |
``stion`` - ``[sʧən]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
754 |
|
541 | 755 |
question [qwesʧən] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
756 |
|
541 | 757 |
``sure`` -``[ʒə]`` (except ``ssure``):: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
758 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
759 |
measure [ˈmeʒə], pleasure [ˈplezhə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
760 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
761 |
``tch`` - ``[ʧ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
762 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
763 |
watch [wɔʧ], pitch [pɪʧ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
764 |
|
540 | 765 |
``tial`` - ``[ʃ(ə)l]`` (see ``cial``):: |
766 |
||
767 |
essential [ɪˈsenʃəl], partial [ˈpɑːrʃəl], initial [ɪˈnɪʃəl] |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
768 |
|
540 | 769 |
``tion`` - ``[ʃən]``:: |
770 |
||
771 |
communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən], station [steɪʃən], nation [neɪʃən], motion [ˈməʊʃən] |
|
772 |
intuition [ˌɪntjuˈɪʃən] |
|
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
773 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
774 |
``th`` в начале и в конце знаменательных слов - ``[θ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
775 |
|
188
db8ef189c30f
Move th to proper place.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
187
diff
changeset
|
776 |
thin [θin], thick [θik], bath [bɑːθ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
777 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
778 |
``th`` в служебных словах, наречиях, местоимениях - ``[ð]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
779 |
|
296 | 780 |
the [ðə], with [wið], though [ðəʊ], then [ðen], this [ðis], that [ðæt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
781 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
782 |
``th`` между двумя гласными - ``[ð]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
783 |
|
296 | 784 |
bathe [beið], clothe [kləʊð] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
785 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
786 |
``ture`` - ``[ʧə]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
787 |
|
177 | 788 |
picture [ˈpɪkʧə], lecture [ˈlekʧə], culture [ˈcʌlʧə] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
789 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
790 |
``x`` - ``[ks]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
791 |
|
178 | 792 |
six [sɪks] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
793 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
794 |
``wh`` перед гласными кроме ``o`` - ``[w]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
795 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
796 |
while [waɪl], whack [wæk] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
797 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
798 |
``wh`` перед ``o`` - ``[h]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
799 |
|
175
a58388599a72
Чтение tion/ssion/sion...
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
174
diff
changeset
|
800 |
who [huː], whom [huːm], whose [huːz] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
801 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
802 |
``wha`` - ``[wɔ]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
803 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
804 |
what [wɔt] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
805 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
806 |
``wor`` в ударном положении - ``[wɜːr]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
807 |
|
514
6727cff45c2b
Add sub-chapters. əː ==> ɜːr.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
513
diff
changeset
|
808 |
worse [wɜːrs], world [wɜːrld], work [wɜːrk], worm [wɜːrm] |
192 | 809 |
!!! worn [wɔːn] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
810 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
811 |
``wr`` - ``[r]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
812 |
|
179
b1942bffc973
Reading igh/ild/ind/ing/ink/wa/wh/wor.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
178
diff
changeset
|
813 |
write [raɪt], wrong [rɔŋ] |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
814 |
|
511
d3b8198b0116
Use verbatim RST formatting for letter combinations and pronunciations.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
339
diff
changeset
|
815 |
``xh`` - ``[ks]``:: |
201
fd3a1921849c
Convert to RST syntax.
Oleksandr Gavenko <gavenkoa@gmail.com>
parents:
200
diff
changeset
|
816 |
|
194 | 817 |
exhibition [ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn] |